High-Temperature Protection Research SummaryThe importance of understanding and predicting the interactions of oxides with water vapor at high temperatures is demonstrated in this article. Methods for observing volatilization phenomena and identifying the chemical formulae for volatile metal hydroxides are discussed. In addition, techniques for obtaining accurate thermodynamic data for gaseous metal hydroxide species are described. Detailed examples of the stability of the principle structural and/or protective oxides chromia (Cr 2 O 3 ), silica (SiO 2 ), and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) in high-temperature water vapor are included.
Many volatile metal hydroxides form by reaction of the corresponding metal oxide with water vapor. These reactions are important in a number of high temperature corrosion processes. Experimental methods for studying the thermodynamics of metal hydroxides include: gas leak Knudsen cell mass spectrometry, free jet sampling mass spectrometry, transpiration and h ydrogen-oxygen flame studies. The available experimental information is reviewed and the most stable metal hydroxide species are correlated with position in the periodic table. Current studies in our laboratory on the Si-0-H system are discussed.
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