Higher nesfatin-1 levels in PCOS women compared to control group may suggest a possibility that nesfatin-1 may play some role in the PCOS.

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Objective: To investigate serum nesfatin-1 levels at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy in women newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes and determine the association of nesfatin-1 with several metabolic parameters. Subjects and methods: Forty women newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy and 30 healthy pregnant women matched in age and gestational week were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum nesfatin-1 levels were analyzed using ELISA, and the relationship between nesfatin-1 and several metabolic parameters were assessed. Results: Serum nesfatin-1 levels were found to be lower in women with gestational diabetes compared to the pregnant women in the control sample (p = 0.020). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that nesfatin-1 was lower in participants with gestational diabetes independently from gestational age, BMI, HOMA-IR, fasting plasma glucose, and age. In correlation analysis, the only variable that was found to have a statistically significant correlation with nesfatin-1 was gestational age (p = 0.015, r = 0.30). Conclusion: Lower nesfatin-1 levels in women with gestational diabetes compared to the control group at 24-28 weeks of gestation draws attention to nesfatin-1 levels in gestational diabetes and motivates further research in this area. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(5):455-9

Objective: To investigate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Subjects and Methods: In this case-control study, 41 obese (PCOS) women and 29 healthy controls, matched for age and body mass index, were enrolled. Anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal patterns, including plasma aldosterone, plasma renin, and ACE activity, were measured in each subject. Results: Plasma renin levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients (19.7 ± 14.5 µg/ml) compared with controls (12.9 ± 9.0 µg/ml, p < 0.05). ACE activity and aldosterone levels did not significantly differ between both groups (p = 0.15 and p = 0.18, respectively). Analysis of PCOS patients showed a significant correlation of fasting insulin levels with levels of renin (r = 0.305, p < 0.01) and free testosterone (r = 0.384, p = 0.001). Similarly, homeostasis model assessment index was positively correlated with total renin concentrations (r = 0.366, p < 0.01) and free testosterone (r = 0.352, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Obese PCOS women had higher total renin levels, but not ACE activity and aldosterone levels, related to insulin resistance compared with controls.

Context:Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the coagulation system, dynamics involved at a pathophysiological level and the exact mechanism remain unclear.Aims:To evaluate the association between diabetes-related parameters and hemostatic factors to search for a tendency of thrombosis in GDM.Settings and Design:Nineteen pregnant women who had GDM, 16 healthy pregnant and 13 healthy nonpregnant controls admitted to the Endocrinology outpatient clinics were enrolled in the study.Subjects and Methods:Fasting and postprandial glucose, hemoglobin A1c and insulin levels, and insulin resistance; fructosamine, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), plasminogen activator inhibitor Type-1 (PAI-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), fibrinogen, plasminogen and hemoglobin levels, platelet counts, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were studied.Statistical Analysis Used:One-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis, and post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference or Conover's nonparametric multiple comparison tests for comparison of the study groups.Results:PT and aPTT were significantly lower in GDM patients compared to controls (P < 0.05), whereas fibrinogen and plasminogen levels were significantly higher in this group compared to both nonpregnant and healthy pregnant controls (P < 0.05 for each). TAFI, TFPI, PAI-1, and tissue t-PA levels were not significantly different among groups.Conclusions:Our findings indicate tendency to develop thrombosis in GDM similar to diabetes mellitus; but more comprehensive studies with larger sample size are needed to determine the relationship between GDM and hemostasis.