This study provides data for the first time on the high levels of obesogenic food advertising on Turkish TV. This should alarm policy-makers to set limits on food advertising targeted towards children especially in countries like Turkey in which childhood obesity is emerging as an important public health issue.
VI. CONCLUSIONFour error estimation techniques are investigated for use with adaptive -refinement procedures, and the LCN method, for electromagnetic integral equations. For a test suite of targets, the estimators were successful at correctly locating high-error regions.Of particular interest is the successful performance of the "discontinuity in " estimator on the smooth targets under consideration. This estimator only imposes a computational cost of . Since it is unbounded at edges where the charge density is unbounded, some regularization must be applied for it to be used in that case. Residual estimators also work well and can handle general situations, but impose a cost of at least . This study suggests that adaptive refinement procedures can be efficient for integral equation formulations and that future efforts are warranted to extend these ideas to general three-dimensional problems. Abstract-A continuously tunable, circularly polarized X-band microfluidic transmitarray unit cell employing the element rotation method is designed and fabricated. The unit cell comprises a double layer nested ringsplit ring structure realized as microfluidic channels embedded in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using soft lithography techniques. Conductive regions of the rings are formed by injecting a liquid metal (an alloy of Ga, In, and Sn), whereas the split region is air. Movement of the liquid metal together with the split around the ring provides 360 linear phase shift range in the transmitted field through the unit cell. A circularly polarized unit cell is designed to operate at 8.8 GHz, satisfying the necessary phase shifting conditions provided by the element rotation method. Unit cell prototypes are fabricated and the proposed concept is verified by the measurements using waveguide simulator method, within the frequency range of 8-10 GHz. The agreement between the simulation and measurement results is satisfactory, illustrating the viability of the approach to be used in reconfigurable antennas and antenna arrays.
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