In this article, design of preamble for channel estimation and pilot symbols for pilot-assisted channel estimation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system with null subcarriers is studied. Both the preambles and pilot symbols are designed to minimize the l 2 or the l ∞ norm of the channel estimate mean-squared errors (MSE) in frequency-selective environments. We use convex optimization technique to find optimal power distribution to the preamble by casting the MSE minimization problem into a semidefinite programming problem. Then, using the designed optimal preamble as an initial value, we iteratively select the placement and optimally distribute power to the selected pilot symbols. Design examples consistent with IEEE 802.11a as well as IEEE 802.16e are provided to illustrate the superior performance of our proposed method over the equi-spaced equi-powered pilot symbols and the partially equi-spaced pilot symbols.

In this paper, challenges regarding the provision of channel state information (CSI) and carrier frequency synchronization for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with null subcarriers are addressed. We propose novel maximum likelihood (ML) based schemes that estimate the aggregate effects of the CFO and channel by using two successive OFDM preambles. In the presented scheme, CFO is estimated by considering the phase rotation between two consecutive received OFDM preambles. Both single input single output (SISO) as well as multiple input multiple output (MIMO) OFDM systems are considered. The mean squared errors (MSE) of the channel and CFO are used to evaluate the performance of our proposed scheme. By using two successive OFDM preambles, the estimation of channel and the estimation of CFO are decoupled, which leads to a simple estimation method. Simulation results show that the BER performance of the proposed estimators is comparable to that of known channel state information and the CFO MSE performance achieves the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of the fully loaded OFDM system.

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In this article, we address the challenges regarding the provision of channel state information as well as reducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of a multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system. The mean squared error (MSE) of the channel estimate is adopted as the optimization criterion to design pilot symbols for channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM systems with null subcarriers. We design the placement and power distribution to the pilot symbols for multiple transmit antennas to minimize the MSE of the least square (LS) channel estimates. To reduce interference of the pilot symbols transmitted from different antennas, an algorithm to guarantee that pilot symbols are disjoint from any other transmitter pilot set is proposed. To efficiently reduce the PAPR of the MIMO-OFDM signals, a method that mixes dummy symbols and phase information of the pilot symbols is presented. Simulation results based on IEEE 802.16e are presented to illustrate the superior performance of our proposed channel estimation method over the existing standard and the partially equi-spaced pilot symbols. We also demonstrate that, by mixing the dummy symbols and phase information of the pilot symbols, the PAPR of the MIMO-OFDM signals can significantly be reduced.

In this paper, we consider load control in a multiple residence setup where energy consumption scheduling (ECS) devices in smart meters are employed for Demand-side management (DSM). Several residential end-users share the same energy source and each residential user has non adjustable loads, adjustable loads and a storage device. The ECS devices interact automatically by running an iterative distributed algorithm to find the optimal energy consumption schedule for each end-user, in order to reduce the total energy cost as well as the peak-to-average-ratio (PAR) in load demand in the system. Simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed game theoretic based distributed DSM technique.

In this paper, training symbol designs for estimation of frequency selective channels and compensation of in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) imbalances on OFDM transmitters and receivers are studied. We utilize cross entropy (CE) optimization techniques together with convex optimization to design training sequence that minimizes the channel estimate mean squared error (MSE) as well as estimating the effect of I/Q mismatch while lowering the peak power of the training signals. The proposed design provide better channel estimate MSE and bit error rate (BER) performances. The efficacies of the proposed designs are corroborated by analysis and simulation results.

In this article, challenges regarding the provision of channel state information (CSI) in non-contiguous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NC-OFDM) cognitive radio (CR) systems are addressed. We propose a novel scheme that utilizes cross entropy (CE) optimization together with an analytical pilot power distribution technique to design pilot symbols that minimizes the channel estimate mean squared error (MSE) of frequency-selective channels. The optimal selection of pilot subcarriers is a combinatorial problem that requires heavy computations. To reduce the computational complexity, the CE optimization is utilized to determine the position of pilot subcarriers. Then, for a given pilot placement obtained by the CE algorithm, a closed form expression to obtain optimal pilot power distribution is employed. Simulation results indicate that, the proposed pilot symbol design provides better channel estimate MSE as well as the bit error rate (BER) performance when compared with the conventional equal powered pilot design.

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