Objective:Pulse oximetry has been recognized as a promising screening tool for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). The aim of this research was to study the feasibility of implementation in a community hospital setting.Study Design:Meetings were conducted to determine an implementation plan. Pulse oximetry was performed on the right hand and foot after 24 h of age. Newborns with a saturation ⩽95% or a ⩾3% difference were considered to have a positive screen. Screening barriers, screening time and ability to effectively screen all eligible newborns were noted.Result:From January 2009 through May 2010, of 6841 eligible newborns, 6745 newborns (98.6%) were screened. Of the nine infants with positive pulse oximetry screens, one had CCHD, four had CHD and four others were determined to have false positive screens. Average screening time was 3.5 min (0 to 35 min).Conclusion:Pulse oximetry can be implemented successfully in community hospitals without an excessive number of false positives or additional nursing staff.
The 2010 BP Gulf of Mexico oil spill was one of the worst environmental disasters in the United States. The deviant actions of state and corporate actors involved in the Gulf of Mexico spill are not unique, but instead are symptomatic of a problem rooted much deeper in the US oil and gas industry. Building on Michalowski and Kramer's Integrated Theoretical Model of State-Corporate Crime, this article explores the industry as a level of analysis. Early studies of white-collar crime that examined criminality within industries tended to approach the problem from the individual level and failed to consider the role of government in shaping the structural conditions of an industry. This article introduces the concept of "criminogenic industry structures" and examines the historical role of the federal government in shaping the criminogenic conditions of the offshore oil drilling industry that resulted in the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill.
KeywordsBP oil spill, criminogenic industry structure, environmental crime, Minerals Management Service, normalization of deviance, state-corporate crime Michalowski and Kramer's (2006) Integrated Theoretical Model of State-Corporate Crime allows for a consideration of the opportunity, motivations and social controls involved in government and corporate deviance at the interactional, organizational and
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