No abstract
International audienceThe decrease of particles size from micrometric to the nanometric scale is allowing the development of new materials, with dramatically improved properties. The pyrolysis of aerosols is a very interesting method of production for reactive nanopowders. In this study, the influence of various synthesis parameters on the crystallinity and the composition of calcium phosphate powders were investigated. Firstly, the influence of the chemical nature of the calcium precursor was studied, by using two types of water-soluble calcium salts: CaCl2•2H2O and Ca(NO3)2. Secondly, the effect of the pyrolysis temperature, in the 600-1000 °C interval was studied. Whatever the temperature of pyrolysis of the aerosol, the apatite structure is recognizable, if the precursor used for the calcium oxide is calcium chloride. If the powders are elaborated starting from calcium nitrate, the only phase identified is β-calcium phosphate. The synthesized powders have spherical morphology, are highly porous and dimensionally in the nanometric range
Material research and development studies are focused on different techniques of bringing out nanomaterials with desired characteristics and properties. From the point of view of materials development, nowadays scientists are strongly focused on obtaining materials with predefined characteristics and properties. The morphology control seems to be a determinant factor and increasing attention is devoted to this aspect. At this moment it is possible to engineer the material's features by using different methods and materials combination for both medical and industrial applications. In the applications of chemistry and synthesis, biology, mechanics, optics solar cells and microelectronics tailoring the adjustable parameters of stoichiometry, chemical structure, shape and segregation are evaluated and opens new fields. Because of the magnetic features of nanoparticles and durable particle size, less than 100 nm, this study is aiming to describe their uses in practical applications. That's why the whole hydrodynamic magnetic core shell topic will be reviewed on this paper. Additionally, the properties acting in general sight in solid-state physics are utilized for material selection and for defining issue connecting the core, shell structure and their producing properties. Here, in the study of core/shell nanoparticle various physical and chemical synthesis routes and the effect of electrospun method are briefly discussed. Starting from a real void of the scientific literature, the existent data related to the 1D magnetic electrospun materials are reviewed. The perspectives in the medical, environmental or energetic sector is great and bring some real advantages related to the 0D core@shell structures because both mechanical and biological properties are dependent on the morphology of the materials.
In this work, 10 mol% yttria-stabilized cubic zirconia is obtained through the pyrosol method, starting from diluted solutions of zirconyl (IV) nitrate hydrate (ZrO(NO 3 ) 2 Á6H 2 O) and yttrium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Y(NO 3 ) 3 Á6H 2 O) in water. The main factors that are influencing the parameters of prepared powders are the concentration of starting solutions, soluble salts type, synthesis temperature, vibration frequency of the piezoelectric ceramics, etc. In the present paper, we investigated the influence of the concentration of starting solutions and of the thermal treatment temperature on the dimensions, morphology, and composition of powders. The methods of analysis used to characterize the obtained powders were X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy/high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM/HRTEM). The only crystallographic phase identified through XRD, for powders prepared at 800 8C and higher and for all concentrations, is cubic zirconia. From SEM images it was observed that there were obtained spherical particles with a medium size of approximately 85 nm. From TEM/HRTEM images it can be seen that the spherical particles are polycrystalline with nanocrystalites reaching a mean dimension of 4 nm.
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