Objectives. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the air quality in the process of food preparation in rural households of the Republic of Moldova. Material and methods. The study was conducted in three areas of the Republic of Moldova (northern, central and southern areas). We evaluated the temperature, the relative humidity of the air, as well as the carbon dioxide and the carbon monoxide in the air. The measurements were carried out during summertime, with Air Quality Monitor 500 in 4 stages: before the cooking process, one hour after the beginning of the cooking process, at the end of the cooking process and one hour after the end of the cooking process. Results. The air temperature and the relative humidity rose the most in the process of food preparation in the room designed for living. In ¾ of the households, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the room designed for living surpassed the limit of the norms maximum to 0.3 mg/l. The concentration of carbon monoxide was detected in few cases, especially during food preparation in rooms designed for living and summer kitchens when the fuel sources were biomass and cereal crops residues. Conclusions. Air quality worsens towards the end of the cooking process and in most cases it is maintained over an hour after the end of the preparation process, representing a source of indoor pollution to the whole family.
Background Eating disorders (ED) and behavioural risk factors among students in higher education remain to be investigated. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of ED and the behavioural factors associated with ED in university students in four European universities: Chisinau (Ch) in Republic of Moldava, Cluj-Napoca (CN) in Romania, Miskolc (Ms) in Hungary and Rouen (R) in France. Methods In the four countries, students in higher education completed an anonymous standardized self-questionnaire, from 2016 to 2018. The questionnaire collected age, gender (M, W), housing, curricula, smoking, cannabis consumption, alcohol abuse problems (ADOSPA test), and perceived stress (Cohen score). The Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food (SCOFF scale) screening test was used to identify student with ED. Results A total of 3076 students were included, 705 in Ch, 582 in CL, 534 in Ms and 1255 in R. The sex-ratio was M:F=0.31 Ch, 0.30 in CN, 0.44 in Ms and 0.66 in R. The mean age was 21.2 (SD = 3.98) in Ch, 21.2 (SD = 3.2) in CL, 23.8 (SD = 5.1) in Ms and 20.0 (SD = 3.4) in R. The global prevalence of ED was 23.8%. According to the gender, the prevalence of ED in the four universities was 14.7% in M and 38.3% in W in Ch, 21.8% in M and 24.7% in W in CN, 19.7% in M and 21.4% in W in Ms and 16.1% in M and 34.0% in W in R (p < 10-4). After logistic regression, significant positive relation between the positive SCOFF was observed with female gender, alcohol abuse problems and stress level. Conclusions ED prevalence patterns were quite similar in the four countries, with high prevalence of ED, even in men. Associated behavioural risk-factors were quite similar. It might be necessary in the future to screen students for potential ED upon entry to the university and also to inform student about the risk of ED and advise them to consult a healthcare professional. Key messages Our study highlights the high prevalence of eating disorders, with similar behaviours in university students in four countries. Because of the detrimental effects of ED on physical and emotional health, it seems mandatory to set up public health programs (health promotion, prevention).
Background In Europe, alcohol consumption (AC), especially binge drinking (BD) and behavioural risk factors among students in higher education remain to be investigated. The aim of the study was to assess the evolution of AC, and BD and the behavioural factors associated in university students in four European universities: Chisinau (Ch) in Republic of Moldova, Cluj-Napoca (Cl) in Romania, Miskolc (Ms) in Hungary and Rouen (Ro) in France. Methods In the four countries in 2018, students in higher education completed an anonymous standardized self-questionnaire. The questionnaire collected age, gender (M, W), housing, curricula, smoking, cannabis consumption. Alcohol abuse problems were assessed by ADOSPA test and by AUDIT test.. Frequent BD was determined as a consumption of five or most alcoholic drinks on one occasion at least twice a month. A risk profile of consumers was conducted according to the consumption of alcohol and frequency of BD. Results A total of 3076 students were included, 705 in Ch, 582 in Cl, 534 in Ms and 1255 in Ro. Globally, the sex-ratio was quite similar (M:F=0.45), the mean age was 21.2 (SD = 4.1). In Ro, 83.6% of students consumed alcohol at least 1 per week, 86.4% in Ch, 27.6% in Cl, 43.6% in Ms. The prevalence of frequent BD was 15.9% in Ms and 13.8% in Ro, 11.5% in Ch and 12.6% in Cl. Alcohol hazardous drinking and risk of addiction levels were found in 19.3% of students in Ro, 27.6%, in Ms, 7.4% in Cl and 13,6% in Ch. Regarding patterns of consumption significant difference by gender were found. After multivariate analysis, different risk behaviours were found. Conclusions BD patterns in students were quite similar in the four countries, especially in male students. BD appears as a frequent, whose consequences remain to be investigated. It might be necessary in the future to screen students for potential ED upon entry to the university and also to inform student about the risk of ED and advise them to consult a healthcare professional. Key messages The study showed that alcohol is a central part of students’ lives in France, Hungary, Republic of Moldova and Romania. Specific target populations for public health interventions were identified.
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