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Poly(o-aminophenol), poly(o-aminothiophenol), poly(m-anisidine) and polyaniline have been prepared by chemical oxidation of their monomers using ammonium persulfate at 0°C. The polymers were characterized and their structures confirmed using elemental analysis and spectrophotometric measurements (FTIR, UV-VIS, 1HNMR, MS, XRD and TGA). The polymers were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for steel protection by measuring their corrosion rates in comparison with the previously prepared polyaniline and the control sample. The polymers show a high performance as efficient corrosion inhibitors, and promising results were achieved when the polymers were incorporated in various paint formulations to replace a major part of the inhibitive pigments and to replace the classical toxic corrosion inhibitors of low molecular weights and low melting points. These results are very important from an economic and safety points of view.

This work presents a method of preparing single-, double-, and triple-cation ferrite pigments by employing simple chemical techniques to study their corrosion protection properties. The prepared pigments were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. All prepared ferrite pigments were evaluated using ASTM methods. Anticorrosive paint formulations were performed using different prepared pigment loadings. The physico-mechanical and corrosion properties of dry paint films were examined. The tests revealed that the prepared ferrite pigments show excellent anticorrosive behavior, and that the best among them in performance are zinc and zinc magnesium. Calcium, zinc-calcium, and zinc-magnesiumcalcium ferrites show better performance in high pigment loadings, while magnesium ferrite pigments show good results only in low pigment loading.

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Background MicroRNAs are emerging as new mediators in the regulation of adipocyte physiology and have been approved to play a role in obesity. Despite several studies have focused on microRNA expression profiles and functions in different metabolic tissues, little is known about their response to nutritional interventions in white adipose tissue during obesity stages, and whether they differ in this response to weight-reduction strategy is poorly understood. Our objectives were to study the dysregulation of some miRNAs in subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissue during weight change, expansion/reduction; in response to both a high-fat diet and switching to a normal diet feeding, and to evaluate them as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early obesity management Method A hundred 6-week-old male Wister rats were randomly divided into a normal diet group (N.D), a high-fat diet group (H.F.D), and a switched to a normal diet group (H.F.D/N.D). At the beginning and at intervals 2 weeks, serum lipid, hormone levels, total body fat mass, and inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue mass (WAT) measurements were recorded using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The expression levels of microRNAs were evaluated using real-time PCR. Results Significant alterations were observed in serum glucose, lipid profile, and adipokine hormones during the early stages of obesity development. Alteration in rno-mir 30a-5p, rno-mir 133a-5p, and rno-mir 107-5p expression levels were observed at more than one time point. While rno-let-7a-5p, rno-mir 193a-5p, and rno-mir125a-5p were downregulated and rno-mir130a-5p was upregulated at all time points within 2 to 4 weeks in response to H.F.D feeding for 10 weeks. The impact of switching to normal diet has a reversed effect on lipid profile, adipokine hormone levels, and some miRNAs. The bioinformatics results have identified a novel and important pathway related to inflammatory signalling. Conclusion Our research demonstrated significant alterations in some adipocyte-expressed miRNAs after a short time of high caloric diet consumption. This provides further evidence of the significant role of nutrition as an epigenetic factor in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism genes by modulating of related key miRNAs. Therefore, we suggest that miRNAs could be used as biomarkers for adiposity during diet-induced obesity. Perhaps limitation in calories intake is a way to manipulate obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the role of microRNAs in the development of obesity