Background: The poor sanitation and small numbers of households who own toilet in Sekotong regency may relate to the diarrheal events due to the fecal coliform contamination in drinking water.Aim: This paper aims to provide the concentrations of fecal coliform bacteria in shallow well waters and the factors associated to its growth.Method: Fifteen groundwater samples were collected from 5 shallow wells to provide the concentrations of total fecal coliform bacteria (FC), mercury concentration, inorganic nitrogen compounds (represent as ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved oxygen (D), pH, and salinity. The concentration of the parameters was then compared to the safe limit set by World Health Organization (WHO).Results: The results indicated that the drinking water resources at the Sekotong regency were contaminated by coliform and mercury. One location with low mercury concentration was recorded with E. coli contamination. Residence, agriculture, and animal livestock were subjected as the sources of coliform contamination. Mercury concentrations may inverse the growth of FC. No apparent relationship was found between total phosphorous and inorganic nitrogen compounds to FC growth. However, we recognized the FC growth responded positively to the level of phosphorous in waters, but associated negatively to nitrate concentration. An inverse correlation was also found between coliform survival and salinity in this study. The pH range at 6.05 – 6.50 supported FC survival.Conclusion: The drinking water resources at the Sekotong shallow wells were contaminated by coliform and mercury. It is important for local government to inform drinking water protection and treatment.
Poltekkes Kemenkes Palangka Raya in collaboration with Indonesian Scholars’ Alliance and Global Health Management Journal (GHMJ) successfully held the first international seminar on November 9, 2020. The seminar which took place online in the midst of the raging Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raised the theme “The New Normal: Creating A Pleasant Virtual Communication”. Five speaker from four countries namely Prof Andrew J. Macnab (Canada), Sr. Merceditas O. Ang, SPC (Philippines), Eva Berthy Tallutondok, M.Sc. (Taiwan), Dr. Yeyentimalla (Poltekkes Kemenkes Palangka Raya, Indonesia), and Prof. Sri Suryawati (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) synergizes to convey ideas on how to create fun virtual communication actors. During the pandemic, we do not communicate face-to face, but instead switch to communication using technological devices and chating application. Adequate understanding is needed to be able to communicate with other people virtually where messages are conveyed well and at the same time happy. The journey to the seminar in about four months presents a variety of emotions with negative and positive valences. For example, how to create a seminar participant and photo essays registration website with an inexperienced committee and communication is done virtually. In many ways we argued loudly. This level of difficulty is quite high. Virtual communication is different from face-to-face. We have to be more selective with words because intonation and gesture are absent in communication via WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger. We optimize virtual communication right before we teach it to seminar attendees! This is so much fun! Pandemic may isolate our body, not our ideas. The international seminar was held on Monday, November 9, 2020, to coincide with the 19th anniversary of the founding of the Poltekkes Kemenkes Palangka Raya. In accordance with the health protocol during the COVID-19 pandemic, the online committee from home and from their respective workspaces does not gather in one room. Seminar participants attended the Zoom room after previously registering through the website. At the end of the registration period, 32 photo essays obtained. The details are 16 photo essays from the Department of Nursing, 9 photo essays from the Department of Midwifery, and 7 photo essays from the Department of Nutrition. On November 9, 2020, after the seminar was over, 9 photo essays winners from 9 categories were announced, and been published at the Global Health Management Journal as 2022’s Special Edition, following the standard guidelines for Photo Essays.
Background: HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Indonesia is among the highest in Asia after Papua New Guinea and Malaysia. Indirect sex workers posed a heightened risk of HIV infection compared to direct sex workers because they usually earn less than their direct counterpart and have lower bargaining power in condom use.Objective: This study aims to examine the factors influencing indirect sex workers’ attitudes toward HIV testing.Methods: This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach involved 67 indirect sex workers from massage parlors and beauty salons in Bantul district. Descriptive analysis of respondents’ attitude, perceive threat and expectation was drawn from Health Belief Model Theory.Results: The majority of indirect sex workers had positive attitude towards HIV testing. They are aware to the importance of condom in every commercial sex works, but the majority believe themselves were not susceptible to HIV-AIDS due to their preference to healthy-looking clients to serve sex. Personal expenses to visit the health center for HIV testing are less considered compared to public opinion and discrimination. Peers encouraged the workers to get tested. Disseminating HIV/AIDS information to sex workers through media and mobile phone are not successful.Conclusion: The findings of the study carrying an expectation that when individuals’ attitudes toward HIV testing are positive, the likelihood of getting themselves tested would also be higher. Since the perception is driven by information as stimulus, it is important to provide continuous information to create stimulus which eventually will influence their perception.
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