No abstract

MP2(FULL)/6-311++G** calculations are performed on the cation-pi complexes of Li+ and Mg2+ with the pi-face of linear (ethylene, butadiene, hexatriene, and octatetraene) and cyclic (benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene and naphthacene) unsaturated hydrocarbons. The interaction energy is found to increase systematically as the size of the pi-system increases. The higher interaction energy is in good correlation with the extent of charge transfer. The increase in the interaction energy is more dramatic in the case of acyclic systems. The computations reveal that larger pi-systems tend to have higher complexation energy with the metal ions, which will have important implications in our understanding of the structural and functional aspects of metal binding.

Quantum chemical calculations are performed to gauge the effect of cation-pi and hydrogen bonding interactions on each other. M-phenol-acceptor (M = Li (+) and Mg (2+); acceptor = H(2)O, HCOOH, HCN, CH(3)OH, HCONH(2) and NH(3)) is taken as a model ternary system that exhibits the cation-pi and hydrogen bonding interactions. Cooperativity is quantified and the computed positive cooperativity between cation-pi and hydrogen bonding interactions is rationalized through reduced variational space (RVS) and charge analyses.

Quantum chemistry calculations reveal that the subtle pi-pi interactions, usually in the range 2-4 kcal/mol, will become substantially significant, from 6 to 17 kcal/mol, in the presence of metal ion. The metal ions have higher affinity toward a pi-pi dimer compared to a single pi-moiety. Considering the widespread occurrence of cation-pi-pi motifs in chemistry and biology, as evident from the database analysis, we propose that the two key noncovalent forces, which govern the macromolecular structure, cation-pi and pi-pi, work in concert.

An exhaustive computational study at the M05-2X/cc-pVDZ level which explores the binding possibilities of cations (Li(+), Na(+), K(+) and Cu(+)) to the concave and convex sides of the hub and rim rings of prototypical buckybowls, sumanene (C(21)H(12)) and corannulene (C(20)H(10)), has been carried out. Five distinct minima on the potential energy surface of sumanene and four on the potential energy surface of corannulene were identified. The complex where the metal ion binds to the convex side of the 6-membered rim ring is adjudged as the most stable complex for both the bowls considered. The cation-π interaction energies of buckybowls are compared with model systems such as benzene, cyclopentadiene, indene and coronene. Energy decomposition analysis has also been performed to delineate the contribution from various components contributing to the cation-π binding strength.