RezumatIntroducere: Actinomicoza abdominală este o afecţiune inflamatorie granulomatoasă rară produsă de o bacterie anaerobă Gram pozitivă Actinomyces israelii, care se manifestă ca tumori inflamatorii sau formează abcese. Evoluţia este lentã şi constã în extensie inflamatorie de contiguitate, fãrã limitã de organ, ce pretează la confuzia cu leziuni maligne abdominale. Material şi metodă: Am efectuat un studiu retrospectiv a pacienţilor cu actinomicoză abdominală operaţi în Clinica I Chirurgie Spitalul Universitar " Sf. Spiridon" din Iaşi, între 1980 şi 2018. Au fost înregistrate 13 cazuri (4 bărbaţi şi 9 femei) cu vârsta medie de 44,07 ani care s-au internat cu tumori abdominale (7 cazuri) şi boala inflamatorie pelvină (6 cazuri). Rezultate: Am identificat ca factori predispozanţi: dispositive intrauterine menţinute timp de 10 ani (6 cazuri), corpuri străine -2 cazuri (o scobitoare de lemn care probabil a perforat colonul, calculi biliari pierdut în peritoneu), diabet (3 cazuri), imunodepresia. Pacienţii au fost operaţi prin laparotomie (9 cazuri) sau laparoscopic (4 cazuri). Descriem cinci dintre aceste cazuri de actinomicoză care au mimat un cancer de colon: localizare ileo -cecală -3 cazuri, colon transvers -un caz şi mare epiploon -un caz, care au urmat tratament specific cu penicilină, având o evoluţie bună. Concluzii: Actinomicoza abdominală trebuie întotdeauna inclusă în diagnosticul diferenţial al tumorilor abdominale. Diagnosticul preoperator, dificil, dar posibil, poate evita intervenţia chirurgicală. Tratamentul cu antibiotice este necesar pentru vindecarea bolii. Controlul postoperator este obligatoriu, cu recidive posibile. AbstractIntroduction: Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare granulomatous inflammatory disease caused by a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Actinomyces israelii, manifesting as inflammatory mass, or abscess formation. Evolution is slow and steady in inflammatory contiguous extension without limit organ that lends itself to confusion with abdominal malignancies. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on the patients with abdominal actinomycosis operated in the First Surgical Clinic, "St. Spiridon" University Hospital Iasi; between 1980 -2018 there have been 13 cases (4 men and 9 women) with a mean age 44.07 years admitted for abdominal tumors (7 cases) or pelvic inflammatory disease (6 cases). Results: We identified as predisposing factors: IUD maintained over 10 years (6 cases), foreign bodies -2 cases (a toothpick probably perforated colon, gallstones lost in peritoneum), diabetes (3 cases), immunodepression. All cases were operated by laparotomy (9 cases) or laparoscopic approach (4 cases). We describe five of these cases of actinomycosis that had been mimicking a colon cancer: ileo -cecal -3 cases, transverse colon -one case and on the greater omentum -one case, followed by specific treatment with penicillin, with good evolution. Conclusions: Abdominal actinomycosis should always be included in the differential diagnosis of abdominal tumors. Preoperative diagnosis, difficult...
Background The coexistence of hyperparathyroidism and thyroid cancer presents important diagnostic and management challenges. With minimally invasive parathyroid surgery trending, preoperative thyroid imaging becomes more important as concomitant thyroid and parathyroid lesions are reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of thyroid cancer in patients operated for either primary (PHPT) or secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods Our retrospective study included PHPT and SHPT patients submitted to parathyroidectomy and, when indicated, concomitant thyroid surgery between 2010 and 2017. Results Parathyroidectomy was performed in 217 patients: 140 (64.5%) for PHPT and 77 (35.5%) for SHPT. Concomitant thyroid surgery was performed in 75 patients with PHPT (53.6%), and 19 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) were found, accounting for 13.6% from all cases with PHPT and 25.3% from PHPT cases with concomitant thyroid surgery. Thirty-one of operated SHPT patients (40.3%) also underwent thyroid surgery and 9 PTC cases were diagnosed (11.7% of all SHPT patients and 29% of patients with concomitant thyroid surgery). We found differences between PHPT and SHPT patients ( p < 0.001) with respect to age (54.6 ± 13y versus 48.8 ± 12y), female-to-male ratio (8:1 versus ~ 1:1), surgical technique (single gland parathyroidectomy in 82.8% PHPT cases; versus subtotal parathyroidectomy in 85.7% SHPT cases) and presurgical PTH (357.51 ± 38.11 pg/ml versus 1020 ± 161.38 pg/ml). Morphopathological particularities, TNM classification and multifocality incidence of PTC were similar in the two groups. All PTC from patients with SHPT were thyroid microcarcinomas (TMC, i.e. tumors with a diameter smaller than 1 cm), whereas seven out of the 19 cases with PTC and PHPT were larger than 1 cm. Conclusions PTC was frequently and similarly associated with both PHPT and SHPT irrespective of presurgical PTH levels. Thyroid tumors above 1 cm were found only in patients with PHPT. Investigators should focus also on associated thyroid nodular pathology in patients with PHPT.
Ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone, is a peptide that binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor; it is secreted mainly by enteroendocrine cells in the oxyntic glands of the stomach. Ghrelin serves a role in both local and systemic physiological processes, and is implicated in various pathologies, including neoplasia, with tissue expression in several types of malignancies in both in vitro and in vivo studies. However, the precise implications of the ghrelin axis in metastasis, invasion and cancer progression regulation has yet to be established. In the case of gastrointestinal (GI) tract malignancies, ghrelin has shown potential to become a prognostic factor or even a therapeutic target, although data in the literature are inconsistent and unsystematic, with reports untailored to a specific histological subtype of cancer or a particular localization. The evaluation of immunohistochemical expression shows a limited outlook owing to the low number of cases analyzed, and in vivo analyses have conflicting data regarding differences in ghrelin serum levels in patients with cancer. The aim of this review was to examine the relationship between ghrelin and GI tract malignancies to demonstrate the inconsistencies in current results and to highlight its clinical significance in the outcome of these patients.
Context. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes simple steatosis, steatohepatitis (NASH) which can evolve with progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. As liver biopsy cannot be used as a screening method, noninvasive markers are needed.Objective. The aim of this study was to test if there is a significant association between vitamin D deficit and the severity of NAFLD.Design. The patients were divided into two groups (vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency) and statistical analyses were performed on the correlation of clinical and biochemical characteristics with histopathological hepatic changes.Subjects and methods. We prospectively studied 64 obese patients referred for bariatric surgery between 2014 and 2016 to our Surgical Unit. Anthropometric, clinical measurements, general and specific biological balance were noted. NAFLD diagnosis and activity score (NAS) were evaluated on liver biopsies.Results. Increased serum fibrinogen was correlated with NASH (p=0.005) and higher NAS grade. T2DM was positively correlated with liver fibrosis (p=0.002). 84.37% of the patients had vitamin D deficit and 15.62% were vitamin D insufficient. Lobular inflammation correlated with vitamin D deficit (p=0.040). Fibrosis (p=0.050) and steatohepatitis (p=0.032) were independent predictors of low vitamin D concentration.Conclusions. Vitamin D status in conjunction with other parameters -such as T2DM -or serum biomarkersnamely fibrinogen level and PCR level -may point out the aggressive forms of NAFLD and the need for liver biopsy for appropriate management.
Thyroid cancer (TC) represents a worldwide problem, the consistent growth of the incidence increment issues about management of risk factors and curative treatment. Updated statistical data are not complete in the North East region of Romania and need to be improved. Therefore, through this study, we aim to renew the existing data on thyroid cancer. We conducted a retrospective study covering a period of 10 years. Data were collected from a hospital information system (InfoWorld) between 2009 and 2019. Patients’ age groups were stratified in relation with the age at the moment of the Chernobyl event. A database was obtained (Microsoft Excel) and statistical correlations were applied. In the studied period, 1159 patients were diagnosed: 968 females and 191 males, distributed by region, with the highest addressability in Iasi (529), followed by neighboring counties. Age distribution displayed that most of the thyroid cancers were in the range 4060 years old (50.94%), followed by 60–80 years old (32.41%). Most patients were diagnosed with papillary carcinoma 63.10%, then follicular 14.7%, medullary 6.74% and undifferentiated 1.02%. Romania was in the vicinity of the radioactive cloud at Chernobyl fallout, so we must deliberate whether the increased incidence of thyroid cancer in the age group 40–60 years is associated with radiogenicity (iodine 131) given the fact that over has 35 years and the half-life of other radioisotopes like Caesium-137 and Strontium -90 is completed.
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