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The all-solid-state lithium batteries using solid electrolytes are considered to be the new generation of devices for energy storage. Recent advances in this kind of rechargeable batteries have brought them much closer to a commercial reality.However, several challenges such as insufficient room temperature ionic conductivity (10 -5~1 0 -3 S cm -1 ) when compared to those of conventional organic liquid electrolytes (10 -2 S cm -1 ), the difficulty in informing an effective electrode-electrolyte interface and insufficient fundamental understanding of the interfacial process after charge/discharge, hindering the reality of such devices. To accelerate the research and development, the overall picture about the current state of all solid-state lithium batteries was reviewed in this article with major focus on the material aspects, including inorganic ceramic and organic solid polymer electrolyte materials. In particular, the importance of the electrolytes and their associated interfaces with electrodes as well as their effects on the battery performance are emphasized by in-depth discussion and data analysis. To overcome the challenges, several possible research directions are also suggested for facilitating further improvement on the battery performance. Key words: all-solid-state lithium batteries, solid electrolyte; electrode-electrolyte interface; electrolyte thin film Power Solution, Seeo, Sakti3, Front Edge Technology Inc., Quantum Scape, Bolloré, etc. Overall, in this review we describe the advances in all-solid-state Li batteries and the remaining challenges, and also propose several possible research directions for circumventing the challenges. 2. Fundamentals of solid electrolytes in all-solid-state Li batteries 2.

This Review addresses the technical challenges, scientific basis, recent progress, and outlook with respect to the stability and degradation of catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) operating at electrolyzer anodes in acidic environments with an emphasis on ion exchange membrane applications. First, the term "catalyst stability" is clarified, as well as current performance targets, major catalyst degradation mechanisms, and their mitigation strategies. Suitable in situ experimental methods are then evaluated to give insight into catalyst degradation and possible pathways to tune OER catalyst stability. Finally, the importance of identifying universal figures of merit for stability is highlighted, leading to a comprehensive accelerated lifetime test that could yield comparable performance data across different laboratories and catalyst types. The aim of this Review is to help disseminate and stress the important relationships between structure, composition, and stability of OER catalysts under different operating conditions.