YOUNGREN, M. A,, & LEWINSOHN, P. M. (1980). The functional relation between depression and Behavioral appropriateness and situational constraint as dimensions of social behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 579-586. Helplessness. San Francisco: Freeman. The depressed woman: A study of social relationships. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Statistical principles in experimentul design (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. problematic interpersonal behavior. This study examined the effect of adding hypnosis to a behavioral weightmanagement program on short-and long-term weight change. One hundred nine subjects, who ranged in age from 17 to 67, completed a behavioral treatment either with or without the addition of hypnosis. At the end of the 9-week program, both interventions resulted in significant weight reduction. However, at the 8-month and 2-year follow-ups, the hypnosis clients showed significant additional weight loss, while those in the behavioral treatment exhibited little further change. More of the subjects who used hypnosis also achieved and maintained their personal weight goals. The utility of employing hypnosis as an adjunct to a behavioral weight-management program is discussed.

A comparison of teacher-ratings and self-ratings of adolescents' social competency was investigated. One hundred five high school students completed the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS; Reynolds, 1987) and were divided according to their scores into three groups: the lowest quartile [low-depressive symptoms (LDS) group (n = 27)], the highest quartile [high-depressive symptoms (HDS) group (n = 28)], and the remainder. Students also rated themselves and were rated by their teachers on a social competency scale. A 2 (High- and Low-Depressive Groups) x 2 (Teacher-Ratings and Self-Ratings) ANOVA was conducted using social competency rating scores as the dependent variable. The two main effects were significant (p < .01). Adolescents with low-depressive symptoms rated themselves and were rated by their teachers as more socially competent than adolescents with high-depressive symptoms; additionally, self-ratings of social competency were higher than teacher-ratings. Results are discussed in the context of an adolescent optimistic bias or a teacher pessimistic bias.

The equivocal results of research on weight-management may reflect a failure to consider subject variables. This study evaluated the utility of using personality and demographic data as predictors of weight loss, weight maintenance, and drop-outs in two weight-management programs, behavioral and behavioral with the addition of hypnosis. Although significant prediction occurred, the variables related to weight loss were different from those related to weight maintenance and were specific to the treatment employed. A different subset of variables significantly discriminated drop-outs from those who completed the treatments. Data suggest a multidimensional approach can be used to predict success effectively in a weight program, provided consideration is given to the specific treatment.

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