The room-temperature ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride [amim][CI] was synthesized. The conductivities and viscosities of [amim][CI] + water and + ethanol binary mixtures were determined in the temperature range from 293.15 K to 333.15 K, and the mole fraction of the solvents in the mixtures was in the range of 0 to 0.80 for water and 0 to 0.55 for ethanol. The conductivities of the mixtures increased with increasing concentration of the solvents and temperature in the solvent concentration range studied. The viscosities of the mixtures decreased with increasing temperature.

An electric-current-assisted method was used to mineralize dense hydrogels and create hydroxyapatite/hydrogel composites with unique hierarchical structures. The microstructure of the final material can be controlled by the mineralization technique and the chemistry of the organic matrix. A hydroxyapatite/hydrogel composite was obtained with a large inorganic content (approximately 60% of the weight of the organics). After being heated to 1050 degrees C, the sintered inorganic phase has a very uniformly distributed porosity and its Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area is 0.68 m(2)/g.

No abstract