Increasing of the competitiveness of rubber membranes is determined both by their quality, reliability and durability, and by the time required to create a new product. Therefore, researchers need to have a clear picture of current and perspective areas of exploration, as well as the creation and using of rubber membranes. In this work, a systemic-functional analysis was carried out that revealed the functions of rubber membranes, the classification and their characteristic features. The main aspects of the rubber membranes classification are: the principle of action (direct action membranes, designed to convert pressure changes into displacement, and inverse action membranes, designed to convert movement into pressure changes are distinguished), the purpose and conditions of use (allocate power, compensation, pumping and damping are distinguished), as well as design features (flat, convoluted, dished, conical, envelope-shaped, spherical are distinguished). A matrix of interconnected classification features was compiled: purpose, application conditions, and design features with indicators such as strength, elasticity, large reversible strains, tear resistance, fatigue endurance, chemical inertness, oil resistance, gas impermeability, durability, low toxicity and low cost. A morphological analysis of possible technical solutions in the design and creation of rubber membranes through the use of various rubbers has been performed. The concretization of the morphological analysis of possible technical solutions in relation to classification criteria shows the necessity of a combination of rubbers to obtain rubbers with specified technical properties and the possibility of expanding the range of analyzed rubbers for developing promising technological solutions.
A computer simulation of the loading of the rubber membrane by a spherical indenter is performed using a finite element analysis package. It is shown that in the complex stress state rubber based on crystallize rubber IR are significantly inferior in strength properties as in the absence and in the presence of stress concentrator to rubber based on amorphous rubber SBR, while in uniaxial tension they are superior. It is revealed that in the complex stress state, rubbers based on IR rubber filled with 40 parts by weight of carbon black N339 have low resistance to shear stresses, inferior to SBR and BR vulcanizates, which results in low strength properties of rubbers based on it in comparison with strength characteristics determined under uniaxial tension. An analysis of the strength properties of rubbers in the presence of a stress concentrator shows that in a complex stress state, rubbers based on amorphous SBR rubber have the maximum tear resistance, exceeding IR and BR vulcanizates by this indicator, respectively by ~ 4 and 2 times. Under uniaxial tension, the most important factor is the ability of the material to orientation hardening, due to the regularity of the rubber structure and the presence of reinforcing filler, and in the complex-stressed state, the most important factor is a density of the nodes of the fluctuation mesh from the point of view of strength properties.
The most important task of the rubber industry is the continuous improvement of the quality, reliability and durability of products, including rubber membranes, which are widely used in the automotive, aviation, machine tool, chemical and other industries. Membranes in most cases are operated in difficult loading conditions, which leads to a variety of zones and the nature of potential damage that occurs during their operation. At the same time, when developing a new rubber compounds for membranes, most often the standard methods for determining the mechanical characteristics of rubbers are used, most of which involve testing the material under simple uniaxial tension-compression and do not take into account structural changes in the material during loading. In this work, a study of structural changes in the membranes under loading in a complex stressed state, which was realized by indenting the rubber membrane with a spherical indenter, was conducted. Structural changes were evaluated by hydrostatic weighing. It has been established that in the complex stressed state of rubber based on crystallizing IR rubber, there is no distinct advantage over rubber based on amorphous SBR rubber. Indentation suppresses orientation processes in rubbers based on IR crystallizing rubber, which leads to a significant decrease in their strength properties.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.