Demand responsive transit (DRT) can provide an alternative to private cars and complement existing public transport services. However, the successful implementation of DRT services remains a challenge as both researchers and policy makers can struggle to determine what sorts of places or cities are suitable for it. Research into car-dependent cities with poor transit accessibility is sparse. This study addresses this problem, investigating the potential of DRT service in Wayne County, U.S.A., whose dominant travel mode is private car. Using an agent-based approach, DRT is simulated as a new mobility option for this region, thereby providing insights into its impact on operational, user, and system-level performance indicators. DRT scenarios are tested for different fleet sizes, vehicle occupancy, and cost policies. The results show that a DRT service in Wayne County has a certain potential, especially to increase the mobility of lower-income individuals. However, introducing the service may slightly increase the overall vehicle kilometers traveled. Specific changes in service characteristics, like service area, pricing structure, or preemptive relocation of vehicles, might be needed to fully realize the potential of pooling riders in the proposed DRT service. The authors hope that this study serves as a starting point for understanding the impacts and potential benefits of DRT in Wayne County and similar low-density and car-dependent urban areas, as well as the service parameters needed for its successful implementation.
Fission fragment angular distributions can provide an important constraint on fission theory, improving predictive fission codes, and are a prerequisite for a precise ratio cross section measurement. Available anisotropy data is sparse, especially at neutron energies above 5 MeV. For the first time, a three-dimensional tracking detector is employed to study fragment emission angles and provide a direct measurement of angular anisotropy. The Neutron Induced Fission Fragment Tracking Experiment (NIFFTE) collaboration has deployed the fission time projection chamber (fissionTPC) to measure nuclear data with unprecedented precision. The fission fragment anisotropy of 235 U has been measured over a wide range of incident neutron energies from 180 keV to 200 MeV; a careful study of the systematic uncertainties complement the data.
The MICROMEGAS (MICRO-MEsh GAseous Structure) charge amplification structure
has found wide use in many detection applications, especially as a gain stage
for the charge readout of Time Projection Chambers (TPCs). Here we report on
the behavior of a MICROMEGAS TPC when operated in a high-energy (up to 800 MeV)
neutron beam. It is found that neutron-induced reactions can cause discharges
in some drift gas mixtures that are stable in the absence of the neutron beam.
The discharges result from recoil ions close to the MICROMEGAS that deposit
high specific ionization density and have a limited diffusion time. For a
binary drift gas, increasing the percentage of the molecular component (quench
gas) relative to the noble component and operating at lower pressures generally
improves stability
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