Radiotherapy (RT) in practical use often suffers from offtarget side effects and ineffectiveness against hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) as well as remote metastases. With regard to these problems, herein, we provide semiconductor heterojunction structured WO 2.9 -WSe 2 -PEG nanoparticles to realize a synergistic RT/photothermal therapy (PTT)/checkpoint blockade immunotherapy (CBT) for enhanced antitumor and antimetastatic effect. Based on the heterojunction structured nanoparticle with high Z element, the nanosystem could realize non-oxygen-dependent reactive oxygen species generation by catalyzing highly expressed H 2 O 2 in TME upon X-ray irradiation, which could further induce immunogenic cell death. Meanwhile, this nanosystem could also induce hyperthermia upon near-infrared irradiation to enhance RT outcome. With the addition of anti-PD-L1 antibody-based CBT, our results give potent evidence that local RT/PTT upon mild temperature and low radiation dose could efficiently ablate local tumors and inhibit tumor metastasis as well as prevent tumor rechallenge. Our study provides not only one kind of radiosensitizer based on semiconductor nanoparticles but also a versatile nanoplatform for simultaneous triple-combined therapy (RT/PTT/CBT) for treating both local and metastasis tumors.

O3-type NaTMO2 (TM = transition metal) as cathodes for Na-ion batteries have aroused much interest. But the structural instability during charge–discharge cycles and the inferior rate capability restricts their application. In this study, we report a synergetic modification method to simultaneously increase the rate capacity and cycling stability of O3-type NaMn0.33Fe0.33Ni0.33O2(MFN) cathode material by integrating TiO2 coating and Ti4+ doping. Moreover, the synergetic mechanism has been put forward. First, the TiO2-coating layer prevents the side reactions on the surface, which can retain the structural integrity and stability. Second, TiO2-coating induces Ti4+ doping which enlarges Na–O and increases the interslab spacing d. This raises the Na+ diffusion coefficient and improves the rate performance. Third, because of the large Ti–O bond energy, the TM–O bond shrinks when Ti4+ is doped into the transition metal site. O–O is also shortened due to the Ti doping. TMO2 slabs are compressed, which benefits the structural stability and the cyclic property. Fourth, Ti doping accompanying TiO2 coating decreases Mn3+/Mn4+ and mitigates the Jahn–Teller effect. This increases the stability of the layered structure. The understanding of the multiroles of TiO2 coating is equally instructive for the exploration of other cathode materials for Na-ion or Li-ion batteries.

XANES and SR-TXM were used to investigate the fates of MoS2-PVP nanosheets in vivo and in vitro.

No abstract

Inorganic perovskite quantum dots CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) has recently received extensive attention as a new promising class of X‐ray scintillators. However, relatively low light yield (LY) of CsPbX3 and strong optical scattering of the thick opaque scintillator film restrict their practical applications for high‐resolution X‐ray microscopic imaging. Here, the Ce3+ ion doped CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) with enhanced LY and stability are obtained and then the ultrathin (30 µm) and transparent scintillator films with high density are prepared by a suction filtration method. The small amount Ce3+ dopant greatly enhances the LY of CsPbBr3 NCs (about 33 000 photons per MeV), which is much higher than that of bare CsPbBr3 NCs. Moreover, the scintillator films made by these NCs with high density realize a high spatial resolution of 862 nm thanks to its thin and transparent feature, which is so far a record resolution for perovskite scintillator‐based X‐ray microscopic imaging. This strategy not only provides a simple way to increase the resolution down to nanoscale but also extends the application of as‐prepared CsPbBr3 scintillator for high resolution X‐ray microscopic imaging.