Obstructive sleep apnoea was associated with AF recurrence after catheter ablation. The efficacy of catheter ablation for AF was similar between patients without OSA and patients with OSA undergoing CPAP treatment.

A trial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. In 2008, the estimated agestandardized AF prevalence in China was 0.65%, suggesting that at least 4 million adults had AF, 1 and it was predicted that 5.2 million men and 3.1 million women aged >60 years will be affected by AF in China by 2050. 2AF increases the risk of stroke, and AF-related stroke is more fatal and disabling, compared with non-AF stroke.3 Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is recommended to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events in patients with AF with either a moderate or high risk of stroke. 4,5 Various registry studies report that nearly half to four fifths of high-risk AF patients were taking OAC therapy in developed countries 6-10 ; however, in Chinese patients with AF, OAC remains underused. 11During the past decade, the Chinese medical societies have made great efforts to improve stroke prevention among Background and Purpose-Reported rates of oral anticoagulation (OAC) use have been low among Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). With improved awareness, changing guidelines, this situation may be changing over time. We aimed to explore the current status and time trends of OAC use in Beijing. Methods-We used the data set from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry (CAFR), a prospective, multicenter, hospitalbased registry study involving 20 tertiary and 12 nontertiary hospitals in Beijing. A total of 11 496 patients with AF were enrolled from 2011 to 2014. Results-Seven thousand nine hundred seventy-seven eligible patients were included in this ancillary study.

For catheter ablation of persistent AF, the '2C3L' strategy is a fixed approach associated with clinical efficacy similar to that of the 'stepwise' approach but with less RF delivery, fewer X-ray exposure, and shorter procedural time.