The Timber Legality Verification System (SVLK) is an instrument stipulated by the Government of Indonesia to build legitimacy on Indonesian forestry governance policies, especially those related to the utilization and distribution of timber forest products. The objective of SVLK is to cut the supply chain of illegal timber from the forest management unit to the market, through timber legality assurance. Since the enactment of SVLK in 2009, there has been no evaluation of the SVLK policy to measure its effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the success of SVLK in supporting the improvement of forestry governance. The analytical method used by this study is a descriptive formal evaluation. Interviews were conducted to representatives of four related stakeholder groups: six persons from timber forest product associations, five persons from three government agencies, one person from NGO, and one person from academia. The results of the study indicated that SVLK policy has quite successfully supported the improvement of forestry governance. In this regard, improvement is figured as 46% of law enforcement, 45% of accountability, 43% of participation, 42% of transparency, and 31% of coordination. It can be concluded that the SVLK policy has been quite successful in improving foresty governance.
Environmental pollution, resource degradation, and global warming are some examples of environmental problems that have occurred in various countries, including Indonesia. Poor quality, quantity, and continuity of raw water condition make water supply scarce. These problems can be overcome by an intervention to the demand and supply. One of the cities experience this condition is the province of DKI Jakarta. East Flood Canal (BKT) is one of the infrastructure facilities of DKI Jakarta province as a potential source of raw water supply. The study aims to analyze the factors affecting BKT water and the sustainability of BKT water in DKI Jakarta as the raw" water source of PDAM in terms of quality. Analysis of land use and social factors using GIS (Geographic Information System) and questionnaire methods. Analysis of the quality of BKT water using laboratory tests and literature studies. The results of this research are socio-economic activity and land use changes affect the water quality of BKT. The East Canal Flood can become the raw water source of PDAM DKI Jakarta through pre-treatment. This research is very important because it provides a new innovation in overcoming the problem of availability of raw water which is increasingly limited especially in DKI Jakarta.
Population growth increases the need for raw water supplies. Poor quality, quantity, and continuity of raw water conditions impacts to the scarcity. The problem can be solved by water treatment technology. East Flood Canal (BKT) is one of the infrastructure facilities in DKI Jakarta province has potential to become a source of raw water supply. This study aims to analyze the appropriate pre-processing technology to improve the water quality of BKT. Analytical Hierarchy Process method was used to determine the appropriate pre-treatment technology to improve the water quality of BKT. There are 3 alternative technology options, such as MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor), MBR (Membrane Bioreactor), and Bank Filtration, while the criteria are the environment, social, and economic. The questionnaire were weighted, reviewed consistently, and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the MBBR technology earns the highest weight of 0.51, MBR is 0.38, and the BF is 0.12. Based on environmental and social aspect, MBBR needs the smallest area, hence it can be easily approved by the people. In economic aspect, the investment of MBBR is more expensive, however the operational is affordable. In conclusion, MBBR technology is the most appropriate technology for water treatment of East Flood Canal.
Oil and gas (O&G) production activities emits greenhouse gases (GHG) which must be well estimated to improve accountability and formulating efficient mitigation. The Indonesia’s GHG emission reported thru Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) was estimated by Tier-1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method, while the O&G company adopts different methodology. This leads to asynchronous GHG emission contribution of this industry to national GHG emission. This paper aims to estimate the GHG inventory from O&G offshore production facility by using American Petroleum Institute (API) Compendium Methodology and compare it with Tier-1 IPCC Methodology. It found that GHG emission estimated by API method is significantly lower than IPCC method. Both methods shown fuel combustion sources are the dominant. GHG emission sources from fuel combustion and flaring have been well identified, but emission sources from venting and fugitive need to be improved. Moreover this study identified that to have more accurate national GHG inventory, the GHG calculation method might be different for each industry segment. This evaluation could improve the future national GHG inventory and as reference for the industry. National emission factors database for O&G industry segment is highly suggested to be developed.
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