[Numberless Heading] Abstract[Normal] Manuscript preparation for CETRA 2014 proceedings is a fairly simplified process. Everything you need for a properly formatted article is contained in this template document which uses a feature of Microsoft Word called Styles. A style is a set of formatting characteristics that you can apply to text in your document to quickly change its appearance. When you apply a style, you apply a whole group of formats in one simple step. For example, you may want to format the sections headers to make them stand out. Instead of changing the headings one by one, you can give them a style and change them all at once. All the styles in this document are preformatted so you only need to pick an appropriate one for the part you are working on. In this example document each section that uses a specific style starts with a style name surrounded by square brackets for easy identification. The text you are reading at the moment is formatted using [Normal] style, whilst the heading above it uses [Numberless Heading] style and so on. These words serve only as a reference and should be omitted in the paper you submit. Figure 2. This group may be expanded to a list by clicking on the icon in its lower-right corner which will open a window similar to the one in Figure 3.
The judicious pavement design is the key factor in achieving the longest service life and the lowest maintenance and rehabilitation costs. It is based on the consideration of the phenomena in which the pavement structures are subjected to exploitation and the limitation of their destructive effects.The aim of this study is to verify the possibility of implementing in the flexible pavement structures design practice of another design criterion based on limiting the bituminous mixtures creep phenomenon and that to be called: The criterion of admissible octahedral shear stresses in the bituminous layers.Estimation of octahedral shear stresses is done with a calculation model based on finite element method, and hereafter referred to as 2D ASFEM (2D Axi-Symmetric Finite Element Model). The paper presents the results obtained by modeling several specific calculation assumptions for the behaviour of flexible pavement structures in service.The study underlines the fact that the Octahedral Shear Stresses Ratio (OSSR) can be an additional design criterion to be taken into account when designing flexible pavement structures alongside other established criteria. Keywords: flexible pavement structures, octahedral shear stresses, permanent deformation RésuméLa conception judicieuse des structures de chaussée est le facteur clé pour atteindre la durée de vie la plus longue et les coûts d'entretien et de réhabilitation les plus bas. Il est basé sur la prise en compte des phénomènes dans lesquels les structures de chaussée sont soumises à l'exploitation et la limitation de leurs effets destructeurs.Le but de cette étude est de vérifier la possibilité de mettre en oeuvre dans la pratique de conception de structures de chaussées flexibles un autre critère de conception basé sur la limitation du phénomène de fluage des mélanges bitumineux: Le critère des contraintes de cisaillement octaédrique admissibles dans les couches bitumineuses.L'estimation des contraintes de cisaillement octaédriques est faite avec un modèle de L'étude souligne le fait que le Ratio de Contraintes de Cisaillement Octaédrique (RCCO) peut être un critère de conception additionnel à prendre en compte lors de la conception de structures de chaussées flexibles parallèlement à d'autres critères établis.
Asphalt mixtures are mixtures of mineral aggregates, filler, bitumen and eventually additives in proportions determined by recipe designed in the laboratory. Asphalt mixtures used as base course are bituminous concrete. The natural aggregates are granular materials of mineral origin that come from natural or artificial crushing of the rocks. In our country there are the various rocks: eruptive or magmatic rocks, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks. To the category of sedimentary rocks belong limestone. Sedimentary rocks are characterized by relatively high porosity and a pronounced stratification, which causes mechanical resistance to be low and vary by direction of load. Due to the structure less dense and weaker mechanical resistance, the limestone are used less in heavy traffic pavement structures. This paper presents an asphalt mixture recipe for the base layer developed in the Laboratory of Roads from Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest (TUCEB), using limestone aggregates extracted from Hoghiz Quarry. The paper contains laboratory test results to determine the recipe and laboratory findings leading to the schedule of product.
Asphalt mixtures are being used in road construction more and more, to the deficit of concrete surfaces. Due to the additives as well as the new technologies being used to obtain asphalt mixtures, the results are vastly improved which can lead to a better behavior in day to day situations, even under heavy traffic. This study means to show the way in which changing the binder influences the properties of the mixture. So, the chosen binder course, type BAD 22.4, will use different types of binder (bitumen), more specifically: a 50/70pen bitumen; a 50/70pen bitumen modified with flexible semi-rigid polymers and a PmB 45/80-65 bitumen, modified with polymers by crosslinking. The asphalt mixtures will be characterized by their volumetric properties, Marshall Characteristics and their behavior to dynamic tests. The results presented in the form of charts and tables were obtained in the Road Laboratory of the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest. The conclusion that can be drawn is that depending on the type of binder used, the results obtained differ with a noted improvement of the resistance to permanent deformation and creep, in the mix which uses the binder modified with polymers by crosslinking technology.
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