Recognition and understanding of climate change as a global health issue has increased over the past two decades; in fact, the Oxford Dictionary named "climate emergency" the word of the year in 2019. The urgency to move on a trajectory that addresses the causes of climate change within the next decade is emphasized by reports recently released by international organizations such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the World Health Organization (Masson-Delmotte et al., 2018; World Health Organization [WHO], 2018). Furthermore, institutions and governing bodies are recognizing the need to address climate change to achieve population health goals. As an example, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted in 2015 by member states of the United Nations, includes climate action as a Sustainable Development Goal (United Nations Economic & Social Council, 2019).
Climate change poses significant health risks. Nurses assess, treat, and educate patients about health risks. However, nurses' level of awareness, motivation, and behaviors related to climate change and health is not known. This study developed and tested a novel tool measuring these elements. Three hundred fifty-seven nurses responded to the overall survey. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) assessed the factor structure of the 22-item CHANT survey and Cronbach's alpha estimated internal consistency. A five-factor model was retained through the EFA, demonstrating good model fit (comparative fit index [CFI] = .95, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .04, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = .09), and items were internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha for each subscale >.70). CHANT has been developed and psychometrically examined and is ready for further use and study.
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