One hundred and four patients presenting with either massive or repeated hemoptysis were treated by embolization of the bronchial arteries with a resorbable material (Spongel). The procedure was performed via selective catheterization of the abnormal arteries. Forty-nine patients were treated during and 55 after hemoptysis. Of the 49 patients treated during hemoptysis, immediate arrest of bleeding was affected in 41 but 6 of these patients suffered relapse two to seven months after the procedure. There was no recurrence of bleeding in the remaining 35 patients.
SUMMARYWe have investigated the following pulmonary related parameters in 22 patients with Crohn's disease who were free of clinical pulmonary symptoms and had normal chest roentgenograms and in 25 controls: serum angiotensin converting enzyme, pulmonary function tests, bronchoalveolar lavage (lymphocyte count and subpopulations, macrophage viability and superoxide anion release by macrophages) and pulmonary scannings. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme was lower in Crohn's disease (14-1±5 1) than in controls (25-2±4-7) (p
Ozone (O3) is one of the major irritant oxidant gases in photochemical smog. In the present study, the in vitro effect of low concentrations of O3 (0.1 to 1 ppm) was evaluated on cell viability and cytokine secretion by alveolar macrophages (AM) from guinea pigs and healthy subjects. Cell injury was estimated immediately after O3 exposure by evaluation of ATP cell content (measured by bioluminescence) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release in the culture medium. No cytotoxic effect was found: the ATP cell content of both guinea pig AM and human AM did not significantly change after O3 exposure and similarly the LDH release in the culture medium was unchanged. AM-derived cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF alpha], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1 beta], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and interleukin-8 [IL-8]) were evaluated in AM supernatants. O3 exposure was associated with a significant increase in cytokine secretion, with a peak value at 0.4 ppm O3. The exposure of the guinea pig AM to 0.4 ppm O3 for 60 min increased the IL-6 activity by 252 +/- 60% and TNF activity by 202 +/- 35%. The increase in monokine production by the human AM was 443 +/- 208% for TNF alpha, 484 +/- 171% for IL-1 beta, 383 +/- 147% for IL-6, and 226 +/- 45% for IL-8 after a 60-min exposure to 0.4 ppm O3. Lowest O3 concentrations (0.1 and 0.2 ppm) only increased TNF alpha secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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