SUMMARYWe investigate a polydisperse granular material in which the particle interactions are governed by a capillary force law. The cohesion force for a grain-pair with unequal diameters is expressed as an explicit function of the inter-particle distance and the volume of the liquid bridge. This analytical relation is validated by experiments on a reference material. Then, it is completed by a rupture criterion and cast in the form of a force law that accounts for solid contact, capillary force and rupture characteristics of a grain-pair. Finally, in order to evaluate the influence of capillary cohesion on the macroscopic behaviour, radial and axial compression tests on cylindrical assemblies of wet particles are simulated using a 3D distinct element method.
Definition and experimental determination of a soil-water retention surface S. Salager, M.S. El Youssoufi, and C. SaixAbstract: This paper deals with the definition and determination methods of the soil-water retention surface (SWRS), which is the tool used to present the hydromechanical behaviour of soils to highlight both the effect of suction on the change in water and total volumes and the effect of deformation with respect to the water retention capability. An experimental method is introduced to determine the SWRS and applied to a clayey silty sand. The determination of this surface is based on the measurement of void ratio, suction, and water content along the main drying paths. These paths are established for five different initial states. The experimental results allow us to define the parametric equations of the main drying paths, expressing both water content and void ratio as functions of suction and initial void ratio. A model of the SWRS for clayey silty sand is established in the space (void ratio -suction -water content). This surface covers all possible states of the soil inside the investigated range for the three variables. Finally, the SWRS is used to study the relations between water content and suction at a constant void ratio and between void ratio and suction at a constant water content.Key words: water retention, hydromechanical coupling, retention behaviour.Résumé : Cet article traite de la définition et des méthodes de détermination de la surface de rétention sol-eau (« SWRS ») comme outil de représentation du comportement hydromécanique de sols permettant de mettre en évidence à la fois l'effet de la succion sur les changements de volumes (volume d'eau et volume total) et l'effet de la déformation sur la capacité de rétention d'eau des sols. Une méthode expérimentale de détermination de la SWRS du sol est présentée en détails puis appliquée pour un sable limoneux argileux. La prise en compte de la déformation conduit à une représentation surfacique à partir de la mesure de triplets (indice des vides -succion -teneur en eau) le long des chemins de séchage principaux. Ces chemins sont établis pour cinq états initiaux différents. Les résultats expérimentaux permettent d'établir les équations paramétriques des chemins de séchage principaux exprimant l'indice des vides et la teneur en eau en fonction de la succion et de l'indice des vides initial. Un modèle de surface caractéristique sol-eau est élaboré pour le sable limoneux argileux dans l'espace (indice des vides -succion -teneur en eau). Cette surface couvre tous les états possibles du sol dan les gammes étudiées des trois variables. La SWRS est finalement utilisée pour Õ tudier les relations entre la teneur en eau et la succion pour un indice des vides constant, et entre l'indice des vides et la succion pour une teneur en eau constante.
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