The Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS) experiment uses an acceleratorproduced neutrino beam to perform precision measurements of the neutrino oscillation parameters in the "atmospheric neutrino" sector associated with muon neutrino disappearance. This long-baseline experiment measures neutrino interactions in Fermilab's NuMI neutrino beam with a near detector at Fermilab and again 735 km downstream with a far detector in the Soudan Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. The two detectors are magnetized steel-scintillator tracking calorimeters. They are designed to be as similar as possible in order to ensure that differences in detector response have minimal impact on the comparisons of event rates, energy spectra and topologies that are essential to MINOS measurements of oscillation parameters. The design, construction, calibration and performance of the far and near detectors are described in this paper.

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This paper describes the hardware and operations of the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam at Fermilab. It elaborates on the design considerations for the beam as a whole and for individual elements. The most important design details of individual components are described. Beam monitoring systems and procedures, including the tuning and alignment of the beam and NuMI longterm performance, are also discussed.

The MINOS CollaborationArgonne -Athens -Caltech -Chicago -Dubna -Fermilab -Harvard IHEP-Beijing -Indiana -ITEP-Moscow -Lebedev Livermore VCL-London Minnesota -Oxford -Pittsburgh -Protvino -Rutherford -Stanford -SussexTexas A&M -Texas-Austin -Tufts -Western Washington - Executive summaryThe MINOS (Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search) experiment is designed to search for neutrino oscillations with a sensitivity significantly greater than has been achieved to date. The phenomenon of neutrino oscillations, whose existence has not been proven convincingly so far, allows neutrinos of one "flavor" (type) to slowly transform themselves into another flavor, and then back again to the original flavor, as they propagate through space or matter.The MINOS experiment is optimized to explore the region of neutrino oscillation "para meter space" (values of the !:l.m 2 and sin 2 29 parameters) suggested by previous investigations of atmospheric neutrinos: the Kamiokande, 1MB, Super-Kamiokande and Soudan 2 experi ments. The study of oscillations in this region with a neutrino beam from the Main Injector requires measurements of the beam after a very long flight path. This in turn requires an intense neutrino beam and a massive detector in order to have an adequate event rate at a great distance from the source.We propose to enhance significantly the physics capabilities of the MINOS experiment by the addition of a Hybrid Emulsion Detector at Soudan, capable of unambigous identification of the neutrino flavor. Recent developments in emulsion experiments make such a detector possible, although significant technological challenges must be overcome. We propose to initiate an R&D effort to identify major potential problems and to develop practical solutions to them.In addition to this primary motivation for this R&D work, we note that the strong and growing interest in studies of neutrino oscillations using neutrino beams from future muon storage rings provides another potential application. These beams will offer significantly higher intensities, albeit of mixed 1I1J-and lie, beams. In order to take full advantage of these beams for neutrino oscillation studies it will be necessary that the detector be capable of determination of the flavor of the final state lepton, and the lepton's charge in a significant fraction of the interactions. At present, an emulsion detector in an external magnetic field appears best suited to offer such capabilities. The R&D effort discussed here will be an important step towards a design of such a future detector. This document is organized as follows:• Chapter 1 summarizes the physics motivation for the proposed emulsion detector,• Chapter 2 briefly reviews the status of the emulsion technology and its aplication to particle physics experiments,• Chapter 3 discusses design considerations for an emulsion detector,• Chapter 4 describes some of the details of a possible detector as well as results from the work up to date,• Chapter 5 outlines the proposed R&D program and summarizes the resources req...