İt is known that there is a relationship between some diseases and blood groups. The objective of our study is to investigate how often ABO and Rh blood groups are seen in benign thyroid diseases, especially in autoimmune-mediated thyroid diseases, and hence whether there is an association between blood groups and thyroid diseases. A total of 958 patients who were followed due to any benign thyroid disease were included in the study. The study population comprised 958 patients, 550 with Hashimoto's hypothyroidism, 160 with non-Hashimoto's hypothyroidism, 103 with iatrogenic hypothyroidism, 93 with central hypothyroidism, and 28 with Graves' and 24 with non-Graves' hyperthyroidism. Of the patients, 47.1% belonged to the O blood group, 30% to the A blood group, 15.2% to the B blood group, and 7.7% to the AB blood group while 90% were Rh-positive. The ratio of those with the O blood group was determined to be significantly higher in the Hashimoto's hypothyroidism group compared to the other disease groups. In the non-Hashimoto's hypothyroidism group, however, the ratio of the AB blood group was statistically significantly higher. While autoimmune diseases were more common in those with the O blood group, they were significantly lower in the AB blood group (p < 0.001). In our study, we determined that the ratio of the O blood group was significantly higher among patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. These findings imply that there might be a relation between O blood group and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Background
Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (WSS) (OMIM#241080) is an extremely rare multisystemic disease. Alopecia, hypogonadism, loss of hearing, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus (DM) and neurological disorders are the components of this syndrome. The syndrome is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in DCAF17, and has recently been implicated in the development of both male and female gonads, thus resulting in hypogonadism.
Case report
A 16-year-old girl with consanguineous parents was admitted to our hospital with absence of breast development and amenorrhea. Hypogonadism was detected, in the form of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify the genetic etiology underlying the hypogonadism. A novel homozygous variant c.1091 + 1G > A was detected in DCAF17. Both parents were sequenced and identified as heterozygous for the same mutation.
Conclusions
We report a novel mutation detected in the DCAF17 gene and discuss the clinical findings in patients with previously reported mutations. Various manifestations of WSS, such as alopecia, endocrinological and neurological disorders, do not emerge until later in life, and therefore this situation can be challenging to diagnose particularly in pediatric cases, as in the present report. Careful attention should be paid to these additional findings, which may lead to early diagnosis and reduced genetic analysis costs, in patients with hypogonadism. In addition, there was no obvious genetic-phenotype correlation in reported cases.
In this study, pre-service teachers' attitudes towards the gamification process were discussed. Descriptive scanning method, one of the quantitative methods, was used in the study, and the data were analyzed and tabulated. The Gamification process scale developed by Baydaş and Çiçek was used to collect the data to be used. A total of 67 teacher candidates, including 42 special education and 25 classroom teachers, participated in the study. The data obtained from the pre-service teachers were taken online via Google Form due to the Covid 19 pandemic. The teacher candidates gave answers to the 6 dimensions of the scale regarding Competition, Fun, Busy, Outcome Expectation, Effect on Learning and Intention to Use in the Future.
Foreign body ingestion is a frequently observed condition in children. However, migration of an ingested foreign body from the gastrointestinal tract toward any abdominal organ is extremely rare. We report herein a case of a 2-year-old female patient in whom an ingested sewing needle was palpable by rectal examination and was determined to have migrated from within the sigmoid colon to outside of the lumen. The needle was surgically removed. In cases of foreign body ingestion, both physical examination and radiological follow-up should be performed.
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