Highest reported efficiency cesium lead halide perovskite solar cells are realized by tuning the bandgap and stabilizing the black perovskite phase at lower temperatures. CsPbI2Br is employed in a planar architecture device resulting in 9.8% power conversion efficiency and over 5% stabilized power output. Offering substantially enhanced thermal stability over their organic based counterparts, these results show that all‐inorganic perovskites can represent a promising next step for photovoltaic materials.
Tandem devices combining perovskite and silicon solar cells are promising candidates to achieve power conversion efficiencies above 30% at reasonable costs. State-of-the-art monolithic two-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem devices have so far featured silicon bottom cells that are polished on their front side to be compatible with the perovskite fabrication process. This concession leads to higher potential production costs, higher reflection losses and non-ideal light trapping. To tackle this issue, we developed a top cell deposition process that achieves the conformal growth of multiple compounds with controlled optoelectronic properties directly on the micrometre-sized pyramids of textured monocrystalline silicon. Tandem devices featuring a silicon heterojunction cell and a nanocrystalline silicon recombination junction demonstrate a certified steady-state efficiency of 25.2%. Our optical design yields a current density of 19.5 mA cm thanks to the silicon pyramidal texture and suggests a path for the realization of 30% monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem devices.
We
report a colloidal synthesis approach to CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets
(NPLs). The nucleation and growth of the platelets, which takes place
at room temperature, is triggered by the injection of acetone in a
mixture of precursors that would remain unreactive otherwise. The
low growth temperature enables the control of the plate thickness,
which can be precisely tuned from 3 to 5 monolayers. The strong two-dimensional
confinement of the carriers at such small vertical sizes is responsible
for a narrow PL, strong excitonic absorption, and a blue shift of
the optical band gap by more than 0.47 eV compared to that of bulk
CsPbBr3. We also show that the composition of the NPLs
can be varied all the way to CsPbBr3 or CsPbI3 by anion exchange, with preservation of the size and shape of the
starting particles. The blue fluorescent CsPbCl3 NPLs represent
a new member of the scarcely populated group of blue-emitting colloidal
nanocrystals. The exciton dynamics were found to be independent of
the extent of 2D confinement in these platelets, and this was supported
by band structure calculations.
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are increasingly recognized as promising candidates for next‐generation photovoltaics with performance beyond the single‐junction limit at potentially low production costs. Current designs for monolithic tandems rely on transparent conductive oxides as an intermediate recombination layer, which lead to optical losses and reduced shunt resistance. An improved recombination junction based on nanocrystalline silicon layers to mitigate these losses is demonstrated. When employed in monolithic perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem cells with a planar front side, this junction is found to increase the bottom cell photocurrent by more than 1 mA cm−2. In combination with a cesium‐based perovskite top cell, this leads to tandem cell power‐conversion efficiencies of up to 22.7% obtained from J–V measurements and steady‐state efficiencies of up to 22.0% during maximum power point tracking. Thanks to its low lateral conductivity, the nanocrystalline silicon recombination junction enables upscaling of monolithic perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem cells, resulting in a 12.96 cm2 monolithic tandem cell with a steady‐state efficiency of 18%.
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