In the present investigation an alternative of recycling was evaluated for the residues derived from defective pieces of the ceramic industry, harnessing them as reinforcement in composite materials for the manufacture of parts used in the automotive sector. Sintered clay microparticles to 10% p/p were mixed in an unsaturated polyester resin matrix, through the cast molding technique. Bending tests were performed that showed an elastic-linear behavior, typical of a fragile material. The structure was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, checking the fragile failure mechanism and a good dispersion of the microparticles. A simulation was carried out with the finite element method, for the design of a motorcycle brake lever, with results that demonstrate a better distribution of stresses and reduction in mass with respect to the original part. Finally, a prototype brake lever was manufactured using computationally validated geometry.
In this research work, samples of the biocomposite were manufactured using the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique, whose matrix is a polyester resin and the reinforcement is a biaxial fabric (90°) made with jute fiber. Then, tensile and flexural tests were carried out on standardized specimens under ASTM standards, in order to mechanically characterize the jute-polyester biocomposite. In both destructive tests, the results showed a linear-elastic behavior with brittle fracture and greater strength of the jute-polyester biocomposite, with respect to the thermosetting matrix’s properties. Subsequently, a finite element based static analysis was performed, with the help of the ANSYS software, to determine the mechanical behavior of interior opening handle for a car door. In it, a model sensitivity study was run to determine the influence of the mesh type and identify the convergence of mesh. Later, the static analysis results were obtained: critical zone, maximum operating stress and safety factors. The results obtained computationally validate the use of jute-polyester biocomposite, as a substitute for the manufacture of an interior opening handle for a car door. Finally, a scale model of the piece made with jute-polyester biocomposite was manufactured.
The characterization of natural fibres is currently used in the field of science and engineering of materials with the purpose of developing new bio-composites friendly to the environment. The goal of this research is to manufacture and characterize a bio-composite reinforced with Moriche palm fibre (Mauritia flexuosa) and to determine the thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of the fibre. Subsequently, the tensile and flexion properties of the composite was evaluated, as well as its morphology. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the fibre has hydrophilic characteristics and good stability at temperatures close to 200 °C. In the tensile test under static axial forces, its modulus of elasticity, stress and maximum deformation was determined. Its morphology, composed of the small lumen and wide cell wall with size variations, was examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the same way, the maximum tensile stress of the composite leads to the conclusion that it is viable to use this material for applications in non-structural elements, which are below 25 MPa. The results of maximum flexural strength (253.7 MPa) allow more extensive applications in doubly supported or overhanging parts subjected to concentrated or distributed loads. The microstructure obtained with SEM showed a poor adhesion between the matrix and the reinforcement.
A common problem when using piezoceramic actuators for precise positioning is their hysteresis. Either external sensors such as capacitive or inductive probes, optical sensors or strain gauges are commonly used. The latter are the most favorable solution in many cases, as they occupy the smallest volume and disturbances can mostly be avoided. Drawbacks are the assembly of these strain gauges on the target, their small gauge factor and their size. We propose a sensor based on thick-film technology which permits to avoid these problems. It will allow to increase the integration level of subminiature mechatronic systems. A piezoceramic element is covered with an electrode on either side. Afterwards, an insulating layer is patterned, followed by the required number of piezoresistive elements and the necessary electrode pads and conductive tracks. Experiments in the laboratory have shown that position control using these resistances is possible, taking advantage of the reliability, the intimate contact between sensor and actuator, a negligible creep and the stability. In this paper we present several possible sensor configurations, applications and measurement results. We propose a sensor based on thick-film technology which permits to avoid these problems. It will allow to increase the integration level of subminiature mechatronic systems. A piezoceramic element is covered with an electrode on either side. Afterwards, an insulating layer is patterned, followed by the required number of piezoresistive elements and the necessary electrode pads and conductive tracks. Experiments in the laboratory have shown that position control using these resistances is possible, taking advantage of the reliability, the intimate contact between sensor and actuator, a negligible creep and the stability. In this paper we present several possible sensor configurations, applications and measurement results.
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