Este artigo é resultado de pesquisas nas quais procurei enquadrar temas que denotam o exercício da imaginação sociológica para o encaminhamento mais democrático e eficaz do Estado no Brasil. Neste período foram desenvolvidas várias pesquisas, teóricas e empíricas para testar hipóteses de aggiornamento das instituições brasileiras ao novo quadro de internacionalização econômica, no leito de pesada crise econômico-financeira que abateu o mundo no período 1980-1990, em diante. O artigo percorre este cenário, buscando integrar fontes de literatura nas ciências sociais – do institucionalismo à teoria da modernização - fortemente embasado por exemplos empíricos que indicam cruciais mudanças no panorama do curto período analisado: crise fiscal do Estado, mudanças e reformas no funcionamento estatal, inovações sentidas com a criação das OSCIPs e do CNJ, bem como as implicações do novo papel assumido pelo Brasil no cenário internacional, especialmente via cooperação internacional. As conclusões dizem respeito a esta situação do ponto de vista das ciências sociais.---The State and the sociological imaginationThis article is the result of researches in which I sought to frame issues denoting the exercise of sociological imagination for routing more democratic and effective State in Brazil. In this period, several theoretical and empirical researches were developed to test the hypotheses of Brazilian institution’s aggiornamento in the new framework for economic internationalization, distinguished by the economic-financial crisis which hits the world in the 1980-1990 periods onwards. Article runs this scenario, seeking to integrate social sciences literature sources -institutionalism to modernization theory - strongly consolidated by empirical studies, examples that indicate critical changes in the short period analyzed outlooks: fiscal crisis, changes and reforms in the state functioning, innovations experienced with the creation of OSCIPs and CNJ, as well as the implications of the new role played by Brazil in the international arena, particularly through international cooperation. The conclusions are related to this context from the social sciences point of view.keywords: sociological imagination, brazil, democracy.
L’État a joué un rôle décisif dans la modernisation et l’urbanisation du Brésil depuis 1850. Trois exemples de l’intervention de l’État sont examinés en détail : les garanties accordées par l’État au réseau ferroviaire de São Paulo qui a amené l’intégration de plusieurs ensembles économiques régionaux; la fondation d’une capitale régionale, Belo Horizonte, qui a permis à une fraction puissante de l’élite d’accroître sa domination; la construction et l’organisation de Brasilia, par lesquels l’État modifiait les migrations intérieures et le peuplement des régions.The state has played a decisive role in the modernization cum urbanization of Brazil since 1850. Three examples of state intervention are described in some detail: the state guarantees of the paulista railway network, which integrated several regional economic complexes; the foundation of the regional capital, Belo Horizonte, which allowed a leading faction of the elite to expand its control; the building and organization of Brasilia, whereby the state redirected internal migration and regional occupation
O autor analisa a redefinição do Estado contemporâneo a partir de duas vertentes: a multipolaridade (com o fim da Guerra Fria) e o caráter multicivilizacional (inscrito das diferentes concepções vigentes entre Estado e Sociedade). Analisa os novos desafios da governabilidade limitada por fronteiras nacionais, concentrando- se sobre as novas peculiaridades do social para avaliar a gestão estatal a partir do ajuste estrutural, entendido como superação histórica do modelo keynesiano e do ideário populista desenvolvimentista. Requalifica o âmbito das políticas públicas no contexto pós-fordista, de caráter focal e neo-corporativo, que envolve a participação ampliada, reconhecendo a atualidade de Gramsci na regeneração da possibilidade de articulação orgânica entre política (representação e gestão) e moralidade (direito e igualdade). Conclui que o dilema das deseconomias tem de ser administrado no âmbito do mercado e da democracia representativa, entendendo que o panorama histórico das transformações do Estado faculta o exercício da imaginação sociológica e política. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Estado, governabilidade, democracia, neo-corporativismo, ajuste estrutural, América Latina. THE STATE, THE NEW OPPOSITION PARTY AND THE NEW CORPORATIVISM The text centers on the study of some crucial transformations that the contemporary state is going through, having as a starting point the typical globalization phenomena. In this context, the national limits of the concept of State are known and have been extensively dealt with in present social sciences publications. One of the sociological implications of the process takes place owing to the decentralization decisions in terms of basic public policies procedures, especially the compensatory ones. This is caused by the paradox: Intervening-Productive Sate out; Regulatory State in. With the exception of the democratizing elements, this movement implies an intense co-optation of the entities and social movements by the several decision axes. Regardless of the political viewpoints, “everybody is a client of the state”. This is generalized in Latin America where inner political relationship patterns are being redefined, as in the Brazilian case. This gives birth to an almost democratic system, the new corporativism; a more theoretical and political challenge for an opposition that longs for innovation. KEY WORDS: State, social change, work, social policy, corporativism and Latin America. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.