We aimed to assess the prevalence of CKD in the Black Sea Region, Turkey, and to evaluate any relationship between age, gender, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and CKD. This study was conducted in 70 different areas in Tokat Province in the Black Sea Region, in the northern part of Turkey. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from the serum creatinine using MDRD formulas. CKD-defined estimated GFR was lower than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). A total of 1,079 persons were included in this study (mean age 41.4+/-17 years [range: 18-95 years], 49.4% males, 50.6% living in an urban area). Of the 1,079 individuals, 5.28% were diabetic, 22.9% were obese, and 37.8% were hypertensive. CKD was found in 62 of them (5.75%). The prevalence of CKD was 5.58% in non-diabetics and 8.77% in diabetics. No significant differences were found between two groups. The prevalence of CKD was 3.77% in non-hypertensive individuals and 8.82% in hypertensive patients, and 4.46% in non-obese and 9.31% in obese. The evident significant differences were found between groups (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.004, respectively). The prevalence of CKD increased with age within our population. A salient observation was the markedly higher prevalence of CKD in females than males (p = 0.046). There was an inverse correlation between eGFR and age (r = 0.529, p < 0.0001). The overall prevalence of CKD was 5.75% in general population. The prevalence of CKD increased with age within our population. Age, gender, obesity and hypertension were found to be significant risk factors for development of CKD in our population.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESIn this study, it was aimed to investigate thyroid functions, sonographic characteristics of thyroid gland, relation of thyroid functions, and cardiovascular risk factors in adult population living in northern Turkey.DESIGN AND SETTINGSThe study was conducted in 70 areas (12 urban and 58 rural) in the province of Tokat in northern Turkey from 2005 to 2006.PATIENTS AND METHODSThe study included about 530 000 inhabitants of 18 years and older. Demographic characteristics and thyroid sonographic findings were noted for each subject, and blood samples were collected for measuring serum lipids and thyroid function tests.RESULTSA total of 1095 subjects (541 males, 554 females) were included, and their mean age (SD) was 41.4 (17) years. Mean thyrotropin (TSH) and free T4 levels (SD) were 1.5 (1.6) μIU/mL and 1.2 (0.1) ng/dL, respectively, in males, and 2.2 (6.6) μIU/mL and 1.2 (0.3) ng/dL, respectively, in females (P<.05). According to mean TSH levels, the prevalence of overt hypothyroidism, overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism was detected as 1.6%, 0.5%, 2.7%, and 4.9%, respectively. Nodular goiter, multinodular goiter, and thyroid heterogeneity were determined as 13.8, 32.1, and 15.6%, respectively. The correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and serum TSH levels was not statistically significant (P>.05). The age was independently and significantly associated with serum TSH levels (P<.0001).CONCLUSIONIn terms of high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and nodular goiter, thyroid diseases must be concluded as a public health problem, and accurate and effective strategies must be identified.

Smoking history, extracranial metastases, and neurosurgical resection were considered independent negative prognostic factors for OS. These findings may facilitate pretreatment prediction of survival and can be used for selecting patients for more appropriate treatment options.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome or basal cell nevus syndrome is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by skeletal anomalies, numerous cysts observed in the jaw, and multiple basal cell carcinoma of the skin, which may be accompanied by falx cerebri calcification. Basal cell carcinoma is the most commonly skin tumor with slow clinical course and low metastatic potential. Its concomitance with Gorlin syndrome, resulting from a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene, may substantially change morbidity and mortality. A 66-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent basal cell carcinoma was presented with exophthalmus in the left eye and the lesions localized in the left lateral orbita and left zygomatic area. His physical examination revealed hearing loss, gapped teeth, highly arched palate, and frontal prominence. Left orbital mass, cystic masses at frontal and ethmoidal sinuses, and multiple pulmonary nodules were detected at CT scans. Basal cell carcinoma was diagnosed from biopsy of ethmoid sinus. Based on the clinical and typical radiological characteristics (falx cerebri calcification, bifid costa, and odontogenic cysts), the patient was diagnosed with metastatic skin basal cell carcinoma accompanied by Gorlin syndrome. Our case is a basal cell carcinoma with aggressive course accompanying a rarely seen syndrome.

We determined the level of 8-isoprostane in EBC of patients with different stages of CKD and showed that the level of 8-isoprostane significantly increased through the progress of CKD. We consider that our study is important because there have been limited number of studies that evaluate oxidative stress in CKD using EBC which is a noninvasive method.

Aim:In the recent clinical trials showed that decreased serum adiponectin levels were associated with several cancer types (breast, prostate, endometrium and colorectal cancers; adiponectin have anti-proliferative and proapoptotic effects on cancer cells, in-vitro. In this study, we aimed to investigate, serum adiponectin levels in the patients with three different cancer types (colorectal, lung and gastric cancer) and healthy controls and the association between BMI, tumor stage and serum adiponectin levels. Material and Methods:A total of 25 CRC, 18 lung, 18 gastric cancer patients and sex and age matched 18 healthy controls were enrolled to study. Tumor characteristics (stage, grade, surgery and other treatments), clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. ÖZETAmaç: Klinik çalışmalar adiposit ile ilişkili bir ürün olan adiponektin düzeylerindeki azalmanın meme kanseri, prostat, endometriyal ve kolorektal kanserleri de içeren çeşitli kanserlerle ilişkisi olduğu, in vitro ortamda adiponektinin kanser hücreleri üzerine antiproliferatif ve proapoptotik etkilerini olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada üç farklı kanser (kolorektal, akciğer, mide kanseri) hastalarında adiponektin düzeylerinin, sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılması, adiponektin düzeylerinin vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ), tümör evresi ile ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç veYöntemler: Çalışmaya 25 kolorektal, 18 akciğer, 18 mide kanseri hastası ile yaş ve cinsiyet uyumlu 18 sağlıklı birey kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Olguların tümör özellikleri (evre, grade, cerrahi ve diğer tedaviler) kaydedildi. Olgu ve kontrol grubunun rutin fizik muayene bulguları, hemogram ve biyokimyasal parametreleri kaydedildi ve analizler yapıldı. Bulgular: Olgu grubu (n=61) yaş ortalaması 64.3±10.6 yıl, kontrol grubunun (n=18) ise 61.8±10 yıldı (p=0.29). Olgu grubunun VKİ ortalaması kontrol grubuna göre düşük saptandı (24.5±4.6 ve 27.8±3.3 kg/m 2 , p=0.002). Olguların serum adiponektin düzeyleri sağlıklı kontrollere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktü (90.3±23.8 ng/mL karşın 114.8±44.2 ng/mL, p=0.03). En düşük adiponektin düzeyleri akciğer kanserinde 85.6±19.5 ng/mL) saptandı. Kolon ve gastrik kanserde adiponektin düzeyleri sırasıyla 87.7±19.2 ve 98.5±31.6 ng/mL idi. Akciğer ve kolorektal kanserli hastaların serum adiponektin düzeyleri sağlıklı kontrollere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde düşüktü (sırasıyla p değerleri 0.021 ve 0.020). Akciğer kanserli hastalarda serum adiponektin düzeyleri ile CRP arasında anlamlı pozitif korelasyon saptandı (Spearman's rho=0.560, p=0.016). Sonuç: Endometrium, meme, prostat, akciğer ve kolorektal gibi çeşitli kanser tiplerinde adiponektin düzeylerinin azaldığı gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada serum adiponektin düzeylerinin tüm kanserlerde azaldığı, kolorektal ve akciğer kanserli hastalardaki bu azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görüldü. Çalışmamız kanserli hastalarda adiponektin düzeylerinin önemini vurgulamakta ve bu yönde yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutmaktadır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Obezite, Adiponektin, ...

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