Background: Cervical abrasion is defined as the loss of tooth substance that occurs in the absence of carious mechanism at cementoenamel junction of a tooth. This type of lesion can cause discommoding effects in dental health. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of cervical abrasion among general population in Chitwan and to relate the find­ing to probable etiology, thereby developing an etiological hypothesis that can be beneficial during treatment. Methods: The study was carried out between August 2019 and October 2019 in 500 adults who attended the department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, COMS-TH. A proforma con­sisting of demographic data, type of diet and oral hygiene practices was used for the data col­lection and each patient went through a clinical examination as well. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Descriptive analysis was performed and Chi-square test of association was done. Results: Total prevalence of cervical abrasion in the study population was 10.4%. A statistically sig­nificant relationship was observed between cervical abrasion, gender, age, toothbrush frequency, method of tooth brushing and type of toothbrush employed. The study affirmed that population with cervical abrasion had hypersensitivity. Conclusions: The prevalence of cervical abrasions was seen to increase with age, frequency of toothbrushing, faulty method of toothbrushing and use of inappropriate type of toothbrush. Hence, it is advocated that dental professionals guide people on correct brushing technique and use of appropriate type of toothbrush to avoid and prevent this problem from worsening.

Oral malignancy is quite common in country like India because of tobacco chewing and smoking. Cytology is cheaper and easy procedure that can be carried out at outdoor patient department to diagnose malignancy at early stage. The present study carried out to detect cancer pre-invasive stage by use of exfoliative cytology and to explore the possibility of using this technique in diagnosis of other oral lesions considered as premalignant Two smears by scrap method, from each patient were prepared and after air dried stained with RAPID PAP stain. The smear were evaluated along with clinical, epidemiological data and classified in group I to IV according to the Papanicolaou classification.In our result 25 cases were normal. 47 were Leukoplakia with mean age 47.5 years, 85% male. Smear show anucleated squames predominantly 53%. Six cases were submucous fibrosis 66.7% female with mean age 38.3 years and, smear revealed rarification of nuclei in 66% cases. Two cases of mucosal hyperemia (Erythema), one-one case of traumatic ulcer and granular buccal mucosa included. Out of Twenty cases of malignancy, male were 75% with mean age of 46 year. Cheek and tongue were the common site with incidence of 60%. The smear revealed inflammatory cells in 100%, malignant cells in 75% cases either in groups or in singles. The third type of cells 60%, the undifferentiated cells 37%, and Tadpole cells in 5% cases. In study 75% cases were positive for cancer, 10% were suspicious for cancer and remaining 15% were given as negative for cancer.Cytology is reliable diagnostic tool in diagnosis of presence or absence of malignancy in a lesion with high accuracy rate. The oral cytologic technique is easy to do and can provide the help of surgeon/physician, where he/she might hesitate to perform an invasive procedure, like a biopsy, or desire more information regarding a lesion before referring the patient.

Background: Coronal approach has been widely used by maxillofacial surgeons around the world for wide exposure and fixation of upper midface fractures. Coronal approach hides the scar in hair and completely avoids any incisions on face thus providing better aesthetic outcome. Our aim was to describe the data on indications and complications associated with coronal approach in our patient population. Methods: Prospective longitudinal study was planned and data was collected from a study population of all patients treated with coronal approach for facial fractures from January 2016 to June 2019. Demographic variables, Type of fracture, hemicoronal or bicoronal approach used and early complications of hematoma, infection and dehiscence were recorded. Delayed complications of neurosensory disturbances, facial nerve weakness, temporal hollowing and alopecia scar in hair bearing area was recorded. Results: Isolated zygomatic arch fracture was most common indication with 14 cases followed by ZMC fractures with 12 cases, NOE fracture with 7 cases, Lefort III with 6 cases and Frontal bone fracture with 2 cases. Hematoma was not observed in any of our cases. Infection was observed in 2 cases (4.8%), Dehiscence was observed in 5 cases (11.9%), Neurosensory disturbance was observed in 12 cases (28.6%). Permanent neurosensory changes beyond 6 months of follow up was not observed. Alopecia scar was seen in 7 cases (16.7%) and Facial nerve weakness was observed in 4 cases (9.5%). Conclusions: Coronal approach is best approach in terms of exposure provided to upper midface fractures and can be safely performed with minimal complications. Keywords: complications; coronal approach; upper midface fractures.

Palpable masses in head and neck are a common clinical finding, affecting all age groups. These lumps may be extremely worrying for both physician and patient, as a wide variety of pathological conditions. Accurate cytological analysis has played a major role in evaluation and planning for surgery. We attempted to evaluate the role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing lesions of the head and neck region and to review the diversity of lesions in the patients attending the hospital. The study was conducted retrospectively in the department of pathology at College of Medical Sciences- Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal a tertiary health care centre. The target population comprised patients presenting with palpable masses at head and neck region during the period of February 2007 to December 2009. The accuracy of FNAC was verified by histological examination in this final study group of (n=125) patients. In these (n=125) patients, twenty five were males and hundred were females. Thyroid gland (60%) was the commonest site aspirated, followed by lymph node (20%), salivary gland (16%) and soft tissue lesions (4%). In our study the sensitivity was 87.5%, the specificity was 100%, the positive predictive value was 100%, the negative predictive value was 98.26% and false negatives were 12.5%. We concluded that FNAC is a safe, cost-effective, sensitive and specific technique in the initial evaluation of head and neck masses. A correct cytological diagnosis can be achieved in a majority of cases, avoiding the need for surgical interventions. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 19-25 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6721

No abstract

Citation: Singh AK, Dulal S, Mayya J . A Rar e case of bear attack on the face and the tr eatment in college of medical sciences, Bharatpur, Central Nepal. JCMS Nepal. 2015;11(2):31-33.

Introduction: Maxillofacial injury is one of the commonest causes of surgery performed by anoral and maxillofacial surgeon. Socioeconomic conditions, cultural variation, age, and genderaffect the etiology of the injury. The study is aimed to find the prevalence of facial injury that isoperated by the oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the College of Medical Sciences and TeachingHospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using the chart from the hospitalregistry for the patient being operated under general anesthesia from April 1, 2017, to March2019. Simple random sampling was done using computer-generated random numbers. Ethicalapproval was received from the Institutional Review Committee of the hospital. The Data forthe reason for surgery, age, age groups etiology, and tissue involvement were analyzed usingStatistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Facial injury occupies 378 (71.59%) of the total operation performed by Oral andMaxillofacial surgeon in a tertiary hospital. Soft tissue 196 (52.85%) and facial bone fracture182 (48.15%) is distributed among the facial injuries. Young adults are commonly affected, andthe road traffic accident is the major cause of facial trauma. Conclusions: Facial injury-related surgeries are more prevalent in the tertiary hospital ofBharatpur.

Background & Objectives: To evaluate  success rate of  auto-transplantation of teeth with  immature and mature root apex.Materials & Methods: Fifteen consecutively auto-transplanted  teeth ( six with immature apex and nine with mature apex ) were followed up for a mean duration of 8.6 months and assessed for post transplant  mobility, root resorption, root growth and pain. The transplanted teeth were assessed clinically and Intraoral periapical radiographs (IOPAR) were  taken every three months.Results: Overall success rate was 73.3%. Higher success rate was observed for teeth with immature apex as compared to teeth with mature apex.Conclusion: Auto-transplantation can be used as reliable method for replacement of missing teeth if proper case selection and surgical protocol is followed.