Background.-Numerous studies have explored the effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of migraine but there is no documented investigation of the effectiveness of yoga therapy for migraine management.Objectives.-To investigate the effectiveness of holistic approach of yoga therapy for migraine treatment compared to self-care.Design.-A randomized controlled trial. Methods.-Seventy-two patients with migraine without aura were randomly assigned to yoga therapy or selfcare group for 3 months. Primary outcomes were headache frequency (headache diary), severity of migraine (0-10 numerical scale) and pain component (McGill pain questionnaire). Secondary outcomes were anxiety and depression (Hospital anxiety depression scale), medication score.Results.-After adjustment for baseline values, the subjects' complaints related to headache intensity (P < .001), frequency (P < .001), pain rating index (P < .001), affective pain rating index (P < .001), total pain rating index (P < .001), anxiety and depression scores (P < .001), symptomatic medication use (P < .001) were significantly lower in the yoga group compared to the self-care group.Conclusion.-The study demonstrated a significant reduction in migraine headache frequency and associated clinical features, in patients treated with yoga over a period of 3 months. Further study of this therapeutic intervention appears to be warranted.

BACKROUND Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world. It is seen that relative frequency of various clinically important characteristics are different in persons with epilepsy (PWE) living in different geographical area. The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical and demographic profile of epilepsy in Bundelkhand region of central India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a descriptive study. All persons with epilepsy attending epilepsy clinic of neurology department were enrolled in this study. Detailed clinical history and general physical examination were carried out. CT scan head, EEG and other relevant investigations were done to determine cause and type of epilepsy. Antiepileptic drug therapy and compliance to treatment was also recorded. RESULTS One hundred and seventy six patients were included in this study. Mean age of onset were 17.4 + 10.4 years. Two-third of persons were from poor socioeconomic strata and from rural background. Age of onset of epilepsy was less than 15 years in 44% patients. Ten percent of patients gave family history of epilepsy among first degree relatives. Most common seizure type was generalised tonic-clonic seizures (68%). Sleep deprivation was the most common precipitating factor. Cause of seizure was idiopathic in 64% patients. Neurocysticercosis was found in 14% of patients and was the most common cause of secondary epilepsy. Eighty five percent were treated with single antiepileptic drug. Noncompliance for drug therapy was seen in 28% patients, which underscore the need for continuous and effective public awareness programme towards this condition. CONCLUSION Understanding of clinical and demographic profile of patients with epilepsy is needed to develop appropriate strategies for be tter and effective health planning.

Simultaneous or sequential involvement of lungs is frequently encountered with neurological syndromes like meningoencephalitis, cerebellitis, aseptic meningitis, transverse myelitis, or multiple cranial nerve palsies. However, pulmonary involvement is frequently overlooked when all the attention of physician is diverted to neurological disorder. Prompt and early recognition of such potentially treatable association is required to improve diagnostic and therapeutic outcome. We report six patients presenting with various neurological manifestations like meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and myelits associated with atypical pneumonia. With proper clinical correlation and relevant investigations, all of them were diagnosed in time and had remarkable recovery with appropriate treatment.

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Background: Neonates with perinatal asphyxia are prone to development of hypoxic ischemic-encephalopahty (HIE). There are no reliable methods for prediction of HIE in these neonates. Objectives: To determine urinary lactate to creatinine ratio in neonates with perinatal asphyxia and its correlation with severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Material and Methods: A prospective study was carried out at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Department of Pediatrics, MLB Medical College Jhansi. 50 neonates born at > 36 weeks gestation with perinatal asphyxia, admitted in neonatal intensive care unit were taken as cases and 50 normal newborns with gestational age > 36 week included as control. We measured the ratio of lactate to creatinine in urine sample by colometric technique within 24 hr after birth both in cases and controls. All newborns were followed for 7 days during their stay in hospital for development of HIE. The results were correlated with the subsequent presence or absence of HIE. Results: The study revealed that mean urinary lactate to creatinine ratio during first 24 hours of life was higher in asphyxiated neonates than control group(5.35±4.59 vs 0.18±.07), the difference was found to be statistically highly significant (z=7.693; p=<0.0001). The grade of HIE correlated with the greater urinary lactate to creatinine ratio among cases and was significant (p=<0.0001). Conclusion: The urinary lactate to creatinine (Urinary L/C) ratio in newborn infants with asphyxia is significantly increased early in course of the disease which can be used as useful parameter for predicting the development of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.