Humans are a unique reservoir of group of microrganism, and serve as a home to over 100-1000 species of microorganisms , effecting the internal environment of the humans and thereby, play an important role in maintaining the health. The functional foods have become a part of an everyday diet and are exhibiting potential health benefits beyond the widely accepted nutritional effects. Currently, the most important and frequently used functional food compounds are probiotics. The dairy products has been an important resource for developing nutritious foods which could beneficially affect the host by improving the survival and balance of live microbial dietary supplements in the gastrointestinal flora. In current scenario the microbiota has developed resistance and tolerance to existing conventional drugs and antibiotics that has decreased the efficacy of the drug. Supplementation with probiotics, has shown to be effective against various enteric pathogens due to their ability to compete with the pathogenic microbiota for their adhesion sites, to isolate pathogens or to modulate and regulate the immune response of the host by initiating the activation of specific genes of the host intestinal tract. Henceforth, a simple, low-cost, favourable and essential approach to achieve health benefits is vital in the present time. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the possible beneficial properties of probiotic bacteria like in diarrhoea, anticancer property, development of brain ,allergic reactions , and their possible mode of action.
The term "Nutraceutical" comes from "nutrition" and "pharmaceutical". It is defined as a diet or part of a diet that provides health benefits of nutritious foods and helps prevent many diseases. Lifestyles have changed dramatically in the last 50 years as a result of urbanization, industrialization speed, and rapid change. These things have changed people's habits and forced them to eat fast, junk food. These habits directly affect our aspect of healthy eating and gradually reduce the amount and quality of nutrients. As a result of these changed eating habits, the population has increased the incidence of malnutrition, dementia and degenerative diseases. In recent years, people have become more concerned about health and health care. Nutraceuticals play an important role in boosting the immune system without damaging the body's natural immune system. Nutraceuticals are found in dietary supplements that offer additional health benefits also called medical diets, designer foods, active foods, and dietary supplements. Active foods are used to enhance certain bodily functions to prevent or treat infections. The medicinal plant contains many types of active phytochemicals that have therapeutic properties that address various health problems. This review explores the information available in the literature regarding health benefits of nutraceuticals and many other herbal plants. So here, an attempt is made to highlights the significance or importance of nutraceuticals and herbal plants with respect to health diseases and many other problems related to health. Therefore, the future nutraceutical program focuses on specific diagnostic models, clinical studies in humans, understanding the exact mechanism of action that is useful in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Nutraceuticals has demonstrated health benefits and immunity which should be taken as recommended.
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