This paper presents profile of the physico-chemical properties of study areas of the research. Most frequently, in the Niger Delta zone spilled oil in the marine sediments is prevalent. The research paper therefore focused at first instance to evolve the parametric control properties which have direct interactions with the spilled oil. Samples sediments A, B, C, and D were collected from the designated study areas of Southern Ijaw, Ekeremor, Ogbia, Brass and Nembe local government areas hosting the major oil producing companies along the coastal regions of Niger Delta-Nigeria. The samples were subjected to instrumental analysis for determination of pH 5.2 (acidic); electrical conductivity 169 µS/cm; redox potential -134 mv; temperature 25.7 centigrade; bulk density 3.3; particle density 2.75; porosity 41.6; organic matter 8.60; clay 28.70; silt 56.80; sand 14.5; total hydrocarbon content 83.33; and the metallic components of the samples (mg/kg) stood as follows- Zinc (Zn) 1.47; Lead (Pb) 0.070; copper (Cu) 2.06; cadmium (0.51); Nickel (Ni) 0.82; manganese (Mn) 4.75; iron (Fe) 7.60; and chromium (Cr) 0.98. Table II showed sample Sediment A gave appreciable values on all the parameters for good judgment on the rest samples Sediment B, Sediment C and Sediment D results. The possible reasons being there are much physico-chemical interactions down the samples which bring concomitant effects on animals, fishes, humans’ health and regions degradation tendencies and perennial consequences of social agitations for remediation and compensations.
This research applies Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) model to estimate acceptable duration for execution of each activity having random variable of time and some probability distribution for sand dredging operation in Niger Delta. The study takes into account proper planning, scheduling, controlling and allotment of dredging activities time using a project network model PERT. The model evaluated how acceptable time and saving cost could be achieved in a scenario of activities having random time variables. Readily available data of activities time from 2014 – 2017 were used to analyze the time estimate for various activities at a selected dredge site Aleto-Eleme in Port Harcourt metropolis Rivers State-Nigeria. The PERT was applied for the data analysis, to construct the PERT scheme for the dredging operations. Finally, parametric control for project evaluation and review techniques of acceptable time for the dredging activities were determined.
This research applies Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) model to estimate acceptable duration for execution of each activity having random variable of time and some probability distribution for sand dredging operation in Niger Delta. The study takes into account proper planning, scheduling, controlling and allotment of dredging activities time using a project network model PERT. The model evaluated how acceptable time and saving cost could be achieved in a scenario of activities having random time variables. Readily available data of activities time from 2014 – 2017 were used to analyze the time estimate for various activities at a selected dredge site Aleto-Eleme in Port Harcourt metropolis Rivers State-Nigeria. The PERT was applied for the data analysis, to construct the PERT scheme for the dredging operations. Finally, parametric control for project evaluation and review techniques of acceptable time for the dredging activities were determined.
CSTR 1-reactor tank and PFR plug flow reactor for the production of formaldehyde are two reactors subjected to performance studies. The research models were derived from the fundamental principles of conservation of mass and energy balance; and qualitative kinetic optimum model for the determination of yields for the dehydrogenation and partial oxidation of methanol in the two reactors at 600-6500C. The data obtained for model evaluation were statistically regressed to adopt it as engineering data which is adequate for applications in the evaluation process. The design models for the CSTR 1reactor tank and PFR plug flow reactor reactors were appropriately solved. The results obtained on the two reactors parameters are given as follows: CSTR 1-reactor tank volume 2.85m3, Height 5.69m, Space-time 0.12hr, Space-velocity 0.67/hr, pressure drop and heat generated per unit volume 2.34*107J/m3. Similarly, PFR volume 1.26m3, Height 12.58m, Space-time 0.225hr, Space-velocity 0.182/hr, pressure drop 3.73*10-8 and heat generated per unit volume 1.17*108 J/m3, And, innovatively, results of optimal yields Yopt calculation for CSTR 1-reactor tank and Plug flow reactor PFR showed that the yields obtained for the two reactors are 69% and 87% and compare favorably with operational yields of the production process which stood at 78.5% and 80.1%. From the results PFR provide a better volume for the production of formaldehyde at 87% conversion of 1.26m3. Hence, the PFR has a better performance for the production of formaldehyde with 87% feed conversion. Contribution/Originality: Research originates detailed derivations of formulas for reactor performance models and also applying calculus function for the optimum yields Yopt. calculation for the rate of depletion of feed in reactors into desired products as a detailed theoretical concepts of calculating yields of products in advance manner in chemical reaction engineering.
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