A novel definition for varicosities in the saphenous trunks was established. Using this definition, it was determined that focal dilatations are far more common than varicosities. Because both of these entities are more prevalent in the accessory saphenous veins and tributaries, and CEAP class correlates positively with the extent of reflux and saphenous trunk diameter, studies on earlier interventions are warranted to prevent CVD progression.

Vascular surgery trainees are concerned about further duty-hour restrictions on patient care, education, and training and fatigue mitigation has to be balanced against the need to adequately train vascular surgeons.

In our population, nearly one-third of the patients with severe AVAIS had a significant subclavian or brachial artery stenosis. The implications of this finding suggest the importance of complete preoperative imaging. The treatment of the inflow stenosis by itself may not be curative, but the correction may serve as an adjunct and contribute to the success of other therapeutic procedures.

No abstract

In the end-stage renal disease population with central venous occlusive disease, the HeRO device offers the best long-term dialysis option when an arteriovenous fistula or graft is not possible. Close follow-up and subsequent aggressive interventions can prolong the use of the HeRO and avoid the last resort of dialysis catheters.