In a cross-sectional study, a random sample of 197 male workers drawn from different sections of 10 leather tanneries in Kanpur were selected for the assessment of health risks. A control group comprising of 117 male subjects belonging to a similar age group and socioeconomic strata, who never had any occupational exposure in the leather tanneries, were also examined for the comparison purpose. The findings revealed a significantly higher prevalence of morbidity among the exposed workers in contrast to that observed in the controls (40.1% vs. 19.6%). The respiratory diseases (16.7%) were mainly responsible for a higher morbidity among the exposed workers whereas the gastrointestinal tract problems were predominant in the control group. The urinary and blood samples collected from the exposed group showed significantly higher levels of chromium, thereby reflecting the body burden of Cr in the exposed workers as a result of a high concentration of environmental Cr at the work place.

Work in leather tanning involves exposure to a wide range of chemicals. Some of these are carcinogens or suspected carcinogens. Increased risks for a number of cancers have been reported among the tannery workers. In the present review, a detailed account of lung cancer, testicular cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer among tannery workers is mentioned.

This article is a critical and integrative review of health policy literature examining artificial intelligence (AI) and its implications for healthcare systems and the frontline nursing workforce. A key focus is on co-creation as essential for the deployment and adoption of AI. Our review hinges on the European Commission’s White Paper on Artificial Intelligence from 2020, which provides a useful roadmap. The value of health data spaces and electronic health records (EHRs) is considered; and the role of advanced nurse practitioners in harnessing the potential of AI tools in their practice is articulated. Finally, this paper examines “trust” as a precondition for the successful deployment and adoption of AI in Europe. AI applications in healthcare can enhance safety and quality, and mitigate against common risks and challenges, once the necessary level of trust is achieved among all stakeholders. Such an approach can enable effective preventative care across healthcare settings, particularly community and primary care. However, the acceptance of AI tools in healthcare is dependent on the robustness, validity and reliability of data collected and donated from EHRs. Nurse stakeholders have a key role to play in this regard, since trust can only be fostered through engaging frontline end-users in the co-design of EHRs and new AI tools. Nurses hold an intimate understanding of the direct benefits of such technology, such as releasing valuable nursing time for essential patient care, and empowering patients and their family members as recipients of nursing care. This article brings together insights from a unique group of stakeholders to explore the interaction between AI, the co-creation of data spaces and EHRs, and the role of the frontline nursing workforce. We identify the pre-conditions needed for successful deployment of AI and offer insights regarding the importance of co-creating the future European Health Data Space.

Phthalates are used in commercial products as softners of plastics, solvents in perfumes and additives to hair sprays, lubricants and insect repellents. The wide spread use of phthalate results in multiple human exposure routes i.e., ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposure. In the present review, a detailed account of respiratory toxicity, phthaltes is high given their use in a vast range of consumable products and because they are not covalently bound to the other chemicals in the formulations. After exposure, phthalates are rapidly hydrolyzed to their respective monoesters which can be further biotransformed to

Abstract. The main objectives of using renewable energy enable us to attain sustainable growth without compromising the future. India is on the 7th nation in generating renewable energy while the USA, China and Germany are on 1st, 2nd, and 3rd respectively. Secondly, in case of Solar energy, the statistics are: India is on the 7th nation in generating solar energy while China, Japan, and Germany are on 1st, 2nd, and 3rd respectively, Generating 9, 78, 42.8 and 41.2 (GW) gigawatts from solar power. India having great opportunities in generating solar power because of its location and the availability of largely unused land banks throughout the nation. The purpose of the paper is to examine the challenges to the adoption of solar energy as a means of generation of energy and power for the nation's requirement. The hurdles/factors identified for the study is 16 and a targeted data collection of 105 for the study using convenient sampling technique throughout India. The research finding shall contribute to the existing body of knowledge and provide suggestions to the policymakers, the manufactures and the local bodies working on the ground to implement the solar energy as an alternate energy resource to fossil fuels in India.