The paper presents data on the synthesis, IR, electronic, X-ray photoelectron, and ESR spectroscopies of fullerene C 60 molecular complexes with various types of donor compounds, namely, substituted tetrathiafulvalenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, diazodithiafulvalene, tetraphenyldipyranylidene, tetrasulfur tetranitride, saturated amines, some metallocenes, and Co(II) and Mn(II) tetraphenylporphyrins. Crystal structures of some of these complexes are discussed. The degree of charge transfer in the complexes is evaluated from the shift of the F 1u (4) C 60 mode in the IR spectra. The factors responsible for the appearance of the symmetry-forbidden C 60 vibrations and the splitting of the absorption bands of C 60 in the complexes are considered. The electronic absorption spectra of some complexes show the decrease of the intensity of electron transitions of C 60 at 420±530 nm and the appearance of new absorption bands attributed to charge transfer from the donor to C 60 . The dependences of the energy of charge transfer in the C 60 complexes on ionisation and redox potentials of substituted tetrathiafulvalenes are derived. Peculiarities of donor±acceptor interaction of donor molecules with the spherical C 60 are considered.{Characteristics of C 60 complexes are available as supplementary data.
Ionic compounds containing radical anions of metal-free phthalocyanine (H2Pc˙(-)): (H2Pc˙(-))(cryptand[2,2,2][Na(+)])·1.5C6H4Cl2 (1) and (H2Pc˙(-))(TOA(+))·C6H4Cl2 (2) have been obtained as single crystals for the first time. Their crystal structures have been determined, and optical and magnetic properties have been investigated. The H2Pc˙(-) radical anions have a slightly bowl-like shape with four pyrrole nitrogen atoms located below the molecular plane, while four phenylene substituents are located above this plane. Changes in the average length of N-C and C-C bonds in H2Pc˙(-) in comparison with those in neutral H2Pc indicate that negative charge is mainly delocalized over the 24-atom phthalocyanine ring rather than the phenylene substituents. The H2Pc˙(-) formation is accompanied by a shift of up to 10 cm(-1) and disappearance of some intense IR-active bands whereas the band of the N-H stretching mode is shifted by 21-27 cm(-1) to larger wavenumbers. New bands attributed to H2Pc˙(-) appear in the NIR spectra of the salts with maxima at 1033 and 1028 nm for 1 and 2, respectively. The formation of H2Pc˙(-) is accompanied by the splitting of the Soret and Q-bands of H2Pc into several bands and their blue-shift up to 32 nm. Narrow EPR signals with g = 2.0033 and linewidth of 0.16-0.24 mT at room temperature in the spectra of the salts were attributed to the H2Pc˙(-) radical anions. According to SQUID measurements they have S = 1/2 spin states with effective magnetic moments of 1.73 (1) and 1.78 (2) μB at 300 K. Magnetic behavior of 1 and 2 follows the Curie-Weiss law with negative Weiss temperatures of -0.9 and -0.5 K, respectively, indicating weak antiferromagnetic interactions of spins. The EPR signal splits into two lines below 120 and 80 K for 1 and 2, respectively and these lines are noticeably broadened below 25 K.
The preparation of fullerene complexes with metal tetraarylporphyrins in the presence of excess ferrocene (Cp(2)Fe) results in the formation of new solvent-free and multicomponent molecular crystals. New isomorphous complexes of C(60) with PyZnTPP (ZnTPP identical with zinc 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrinate) and PyCoTPP (CoTPP identical with cobalt(II) 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrinate) containing Cp(2)Fe and the isostructural C(70) complex with PyZnTPP have been prepared. The crystal structures of the new layered C(60) complexes CoTMPP x C(60) (obtained in the presence of Cp(2)Fe) and CoTMPP x 2C(60) x 3C(7)H(8) (obtained in the absence of Cp(2)Fe) have been described (CoTMPP identical with cobalt(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-methoxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrinate). Cobalt atoms of the PyCoTPP and CoTMPP molecules are weakly coordinated to C(60) with Co...C(C(60)) distances in the 2.64-2.82 A range, whereas zinc atoms of PyZnTPP, as well as cobalt atoms of the CoTMPP molecules in the solvent-free phase, form only van der Waals contacts with fullerenes. Different packing arrangements in the crystals of fullerene-porphyrin complexes have been discussed.
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