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Fulvestrant is a well-tolerated treatment and has efficacy against breast cancers that have progressed after therapy with a third-generation AI.

Aim-To examine changes in nicotine withdrawal, nicotine craving, self-efficacy to quit smoking, and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms as predictors of smoking cessation following behavioral counseling and nicotine replacement therapy in a sample of smokers.Design and Setting-Data were ascertained from a randomized effectiveness trial comparing nicotine patch to nicotine lozenge. Predictors of smoking cessation were assessed at baseline and five weeks post-baseline, and 24-hour point prevalence abstinence, biochemically confirmed, was assessed at the end-of-treatment (week 15) and 6-months after a target quit date (week 27).Participants-642 treatment-seeking smokers randomized to twelve weeks of nicotine patch or nicotine lozenge.Findings-Participants who showed a greater increase in self-efficacy to quit smoking (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16, p = .01) and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04, p = .05) were significantly more likely to have quit smoking at week 15. Participants who showed a greater increase in self-efficacy to quit smoking (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06, p = .01) © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. * Requests for Reprints: Robert A. Schnoll, Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, 4 th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19104; Phone: 215.746.7143; schnoll@mail.med.upenn.edu.. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. DECLARATIONS OF INTERESTThis study was funded by grant RSGPB-05-240-01-CPPB to Dr. Schnoll from the American Cancer Society and National Institutes of Health grant U10 101178 to Dr. Paul Engstrom. This work was also supported in part by grants: P50 CA143187, R01 CA126969, R01 DA025078, and R21 DA026889. The ACS and NIH had no further role in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, or in the preparation and submission of this manuscript for publication. All authors, except for Dr. Daron Ferris, declare no conflict of interest. Dr. Ferris has received grant funding through his institution to conduct research trials for GSK and Novartis during the past 3 years. were significantly more likely to have quit smoking at week 27. Changes in withdrawal symptoms and craving were not related to week 15 or week 27 abstinence rates. NIH Public Access Conclusions-The results highlight two relatively under-studied potential psychological predictors of abstinence following treatment for nicotine dependence. Behavioral counseling interventions to promote smoking cessation should help smokers develop confidence in their ability to quit smoking a...

Increased testosterone level did not translate into improved libido, possibly because women on this study were estrogen depleted.

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BACKGROUND The current study was conducted to determine whether the addition of interferon‐α (IFN‐α) to treatment with radiation therapy and carmustine (BCNU) improves time to disease progression or overall survival in patients with high‐grade glioma. METHODS Patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme, or gliosarcoma received radiation therapy plus BCNU as initial therapy. Subsequently, patients without tumor progression at the completion of radiation therapy were stratified by age, extent of surgery, tumor grade and histology, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and treating institution, and then were randomly assigned to receive either BCNU alone (200 mg/m2 on Day 1) or BCNU (150 mg/m2 on Day 3) plus IFN—α (12 million U/m2 on Days 1–3, Weeks 1, 3, and 5) every 7 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles. RESULTS Of the 383 patients enrolled in the study, 275 eligible patients were randomized. There was no significant difference with regard to time to disease progression or overall survival between the two groups. Patients receiving IFN‐α experienced more fever, chills, myalgias, and neurocortical symptoms including somnolence, confusion, and exacerbation of neurologic deficits. Cox multivariate regression models confirmed known favorable prognostic variables including younger age, Grade 3 tumor (according to World Health Organization criteria), and greater extent of surgery. Cox and classification and regression tree analysis models also demonstrated that a normal baseline Folstein mini‐mental status examination (MMSE) score was associated with better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS IFN‐α does not appear to improve time to disease progression or overall survival in patients with high‐grade glioma and appears to add significantly to toxicity. The baseline MMSE score may serve as an independent prognostic factor and warrants further investigation. Cancer 2001;92:420–33. © 2001 American Cancer Society.

Eine Mo2S3‐Monolage kann auf einer Kupfer(111)‐Oberfläche in Coexistenz mit dreieckigen MoS2‐Inseln und ‐Monolagen gezüchtet werden. Rastertunnelmikroskopie zeigt, dass Anthrachinon bevorzugt auf der Mo2S3‐Monolage adsorbiert und eine komprimierte Adsorbatlage bildet, bevor es andere Oberflächenbereiche, inklusive der reaktiven Randbereiche der MoS2‐Inseln, besetzt.

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