This research was motivated by the need to develop a smart ammonia (NH3) sensor based on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) thin film loaded with a reduced graphene oxide-polyaniline (rGO-PANI hybrid) using in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. The sensor not only exhibited high sensitivity, good selectivity and a fast response at room temperature but was also flexible, cheap and had wearable characteristics.
WO3 nanoparticles doped with Sb, Cd, and Ce were synthesized
by a chemical method to enhance the sensing performance of WO3 for NO2 at room temperature. The doping with Sb
element can significantly enhance the NO2-sensing properties
of WO3. Upon exposure to 10 ppm of NO2, particularly
the 2 wt % Sb-doped WO3 sample exhibits a 6.8-times higher
response and an improved selectivity at room temperature compared
with those of undoped WO3. The enhanced NO2-sensing
mechanism of WO3 by doping is discussed in detail, which
is mainly ascribed to the increase of oxygen vacancies in the doped
WO3 samples as confirmed by Raman, photoluminescence, and
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra. In addition, the narrower
band gap may also be responsible for the enhancement of response as
observed from the corresponding ultraviolet–visible spectra.
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