Free-electron lasers (FELs) present new challenges for camera development compared with conventional light sources. At SLAC a variety of technologies are being used to match the demands of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) and to support a wide range of scientific applications. In this paper an overview of X-ray detector design requirements at FELs is presented and the various cameras in use at SLAC are described for the benefit of users planning experiments or analysts looking at data. Features and operation of the CSPAD camera, which is currently deployed at LCLS, are discussed, and the ePix family, a new generation of cameras under development at SLAC, is introduced.
We demonstrate that individual electron-hole pairs are resolved in a 1 cm 2 by 4 mm thick silicon crystal (0.93 g) operated at ∼35 mK. One side of the detector is patterned with two quasiparticle-trap-assisted electrothermal-feedback transition edge sensor (QET) arrays held near ground potential. The other side contains a bias grid with 20% coverage. Bias potentials up to ± 160 V were used in the work reported here. A fiber optic provides 650 nm (1.9 eV) photons that each produce an electron-hole (e − h + ) pair in the crystal near the grid. The energy of the drifting charges is measured with a phonon sensor noise σ ∼0.09 e − h + pair. The observed charge quantization is nearly identical for h + 's or e − 's transported across the crystal.PACS numbers: 07.20. Mc, 29.40.Wk, 85.25.Oj, 95.35.+d
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