Low E-Cadherin expression is a negative prognostic factor of OSCC and is likely due to the hypermethylation of CDH1 promoter. The delocalization of E-cadherin from membrane to cytoplasm could be also due to the increased expression of EGFR in OSCC and the consequent increase of E-cadherin co-internalization with EGFR.
Deep-fat frying is an important method of food preparation in which foods are immersed in hot oil. Repeated use of frying oils is a common practice, and in the presence of atmospheric oxygen it produces various undesirable reactions in used oils. Stable frying oils usually require low linolenic acid (LnA < 3%), increased oleic acid (OA > 40%), and decreased linoleic acid (LA < 50%). The aim of this study was to establish the behavior of palm superolein (PSO) (OA 45%; LA 12.5%; LnA 0.2%) and olive oil (OO) during repeated, discontinuous deep frying of French fries. The behavior of the oils under controlled heating conditions was also studied by maintaining all of the process variables the same as those in deep frying, except that there was no food in the oil. The PSO selected to be tested in this study may represent an alternative to OO as a frying medium. Although PSO presented a faster increase in some oxidation indices, such as free fatty acid and total polar compounds, for other indicators, PSO showed better behavior than OO (less formation of C8:0 and lower peroxide value).
Identification of volatile compounds formed when frying food represents an important tool to identify
markers of oil thermal degradation, and can help to elucidate the chemical reactions occurring during
deep frying. In particular, in this study the heat-induced degradation of edible oil has been evaluated by
analyzing the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fatty acids formed during
intermittent frying with the aim of finding new possible markers to correlate with the total polar
compounds (TPC) fraction. The frying was realized using a thermostatically temperature-controlled
fryer at a temperature of 180 58C. A mixed oil constituted by palm, sunflower, and soybean frying oil
and commercially available frozen potatoes have been used. The intermittent frying (4 h per day) with the
same oil was repeated at 24 h intervals for a total of 40 h. VOCs were identification has been obtained by
dynamic head space analysis combined with high resolution GC???MS. Among the VOCs, two
compounds, namely (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, and (E)-2-undecenal, showed good correlations with the
TPC values. NMR spectra (1H NMR) confirmed that 2-alkenals and alka-2,4-dienals are the major
compounds formed during the deep frying
Endometrial cancer (EC) remains the most common malignancy of the female genital tract. The median age at diagnosis is the sixth decade, with abnormal uterine bleeding at the presentation in 90% of the patients. Surgical treatment, including complete hysterectomy, removal of remaining adnexal structures, and an appropriate surgical staging, represents the milestone of curative therapy for patients with EC. Adjuvant therapy is necessary in patients at high risk of recurrence. Conservative treatment approaches should be used in selected cases for women with a desire of fertility preservation. This review summarizes the management of EC and discusses current controversies regarding the role of lymphadenectomy and radiotherapy in patients with intermediate-risk tumors confined to the uterus.
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