A study was carried out to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of oregano essential oil on performance of broiler chickens experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella at 14 days of age. A total of 120 day-old Cobb-500 chicks separated into 4 equal groups with three replicates each, were used in this study. Two groups, one infected with 5 x 10(4) sporulated oocysts of E. tenella and the other not, were given a basal diet and served as controls. The other two groups also infected with E. tenella were administered diets supplemented with oregano essential oil at a level of 300 mg/kg, or with the anticoccidial lasalocid at 75 mg/kg. Following this infection, survival rate, bloody diarrhoea and oocysts excretion as well as lesion score were determined. Throughout the experimental period of 42 days, body weight gain and feed intake were recorded weekly, and feed conversion ratios were calculated. Two weeks after the infection with E. tenella supplementation with dietary oregano oil resulted in body weight gains and feed conversion ratios not differing from the non-infected group, but higher than those of the infected control group and lower than those of the lasalocid group. These parameters correspond with the extent of bloody diarrhoea, survival rate, lesion score and oocyst numbers and indicated that oregano essential oil exerted an anticoccidial effect against E. tenella, which was, however, lower than that exhibited by lasalocid.
The effect of dietary supplementation with oregano essential oil on the performance of rabbits, and the susceptibility of the produced raw and thermally treated muscle tissue to lipid oxidation during refrigerated storage, were investigated. A total of 96 weaned rabbits were separated into four equal groups with three subgroups each. One group was given the basal diet and served as control, two groups were administered diets supplemented with oregano essential oil at levels of 100 and 200 mg/kg diet, whereas the remaining group was given a diet supplemented with alpha-tocopheryl acetate at 200 mg/kg. During the 42-day experimental period, body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly and the feed conversion ratio was calculated. Feeding the experimental diets to rabbits, performance parameters were not affected. Therefore, dietary oregano essential oil exerted no growth-promoting effect on rabbits. With increased supplementation of oregano essential oil, malondialdehyde values decreased in both raw and thermally treated muscles during refrigerated storage. This finding suggests that dietary oregano essential oil exerted a significant antioxidant effect. Dietary supplementation of oregano essential oil at the level of 200 mg/kg was more effective in delaying lipid oxidation compared with the level of 100 mg/kg, but inferior to dietary supplementation of 200 mg alpha-tocopheryl acetate per kg. This study indirectly provides evidence that antioxidant compounds occurring in oregano essential oil were absorbed by the rabbit and increased the antioxidative capacity of tissues.
1. A study was conducted with 120 female early maturing turkeys to test the effect of dietary dried oregano leaves (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum) on body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), carcase characteristics and serum cholesterol concentration. Dried oregano leaves had a content of 3.6 ml essential oils/100 g, while the carvacrol content was 855 g/kg of the total essential oils. 2. From 1 to 84 d of age, the turkeys were fed on 4 diets varying in oregano content (OR0, no oregano--control; OR45, 1.25 g oregano/kg; OR90, 2.5 g oregano/kg; OR135, 3.75 g oregano/kg). Birds were given feed and water ad libitum. 3. BW was unaffected by oregano throughout the experiment. FI and FCE were similar among all treatments until 42 d of age. From 43 to 84 d of age and for the overall experimental period, FI decreased linearly in treatment OR135 and FCE increased linearly with dietary oregano content. Body and carcase weights, carcase yield, and the relative weights of the heart and liver were not significantly affected by oregano content. The relative weights of the gizzard and small intestine decreased linearly with oregano content. Serum cholesterol content was similar among all treatments. 4. In the present study, dietary oregano (1.25, 2.5 and 3.75 g/kg) improved FCE in female early maturing turkeys between 43 and 84 d, with the lowest oregano inclusion (1.25 g/kg) giving the most cost effective diet. Thus, dried oregano leaves may be used as a natural herbal growth promoter for early maturing turkeys.
-The effect of dietary supplementation with Apacox (Apa-CT, s.r.l. Italy), a commercial preparation of herbal extracts, on the performance of broiler chickens experimentally infected with 6 × 10 4 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella at 14 days of age, was evaluated. A total of 150 dayold Cobb-500 chicks separated into 5 equal groups with three replicates each, were used. Two of the groups, one challenged with E. tenella oocysts and the other not, were given a basal diet and served as controls. The remaining groups that were also challenged with E. tenella were administered a basal diet supplemented with Apacox at levels of 0.5 or 1.0 g·kg -1 or the anticoccidial lasalocid at 75 mg·kg -1 . Throughout the experimental period from day 1 to day 35, performance parameters including body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality, caecal lesion score, bloody diarrhoea and oocyst output were recorded. Dietary supplementation with Apacox attained higher body weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio values than the non-supplemented challenged control group. The lasalocid and the non-challenged control groups exhibited body weight gain and feed conversion ratio values that did not significantly differ from each other, and were better than in the Apacox groups. Bloody diarrhoea was observed in all challenged groups except for the Apacox group at the dose of 1.0 g·kg -1 diet, where it was milder and the lasalocid group where it was very weak. The mortality in the challenged control group was 23.4% whereas in the Apacox group at the dose of 1.0 g·kg -1 , 13.4%. The caecal lesion scores of the Apacox groups were not significantly different from that of the challenged control group. The numbers of oocysts per bird in the Apacox groups were lower than that in the challenged control group but higher than that in the lasalocid group. These results indicate that Apacox exerted a coccidiostatic effect against E. tenella. This effect was, however, significantly lower than that exhibited by lasalocid. l'effet de l'incorporation dans l'aliment d'une préparation commerciale, contenant un mélange d'extraits d'herbes (Apacox), sur le développement d'une coccidiose expérimentale due à Eimeria tenella (6 × 10 4 oocystes) réalisée à 14 jours d'âge chez des poulets de chair. Dans ce but, 150 poussins Cobb 500 d'un jour ont été séparés en 5 groupes de 30 poussins chacun avec 3 répliques de 10 oiseaux. Deux groupes témoins, dont l'un a été infecté avec des oocystes d'E. tenella et l'autre pas, ont consommé l'aliment de base. Les trois autres groupes ont été infectés avec E. tenella ; l'un a consommé l'aliment de base supplémenté avec l'Apacox à la dose de 0,5 g·kg -1 , l'autre à la dose de 1,0 g·kg -1 et le troisième avec un anticoccidien (75 mg·kg -1 de lasalocide de sodium). Au cours de la période expérimentale, de 1 à 35 jours d'âge, le gain de poids des poulets, la consommation d'aliment, et l'efficacité alimentaire étaient estimés chaque semaine. Après infection, la mortalité, les diarrhées sanglantes et l'ex...
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