Non-Markovian open quantum system approach to the early Universe: Damping of gravitational waves by matter

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [60,61], cosmic microwave background polarization [62][63][64][65][66], and gravitational waves [67], with recent extensions to wavepackets [68]. We find that a gravity-mediated-entanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

“…The quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) describes the evolution of a quantum system interacting with its environment [62][63][64][65][66][67]. Here, we extend this formalism to investigate entanglement dynamics between two quantum systems, A and B, providing a generalized framework for their correlated evolution.…”

“…The expectation values in the above equation are found using the general expression ⟨c † r ′ (p ′ )c r (p)c † s ′ (q ′ )c s (q)⟩ ≈ (2π) 6 δ σ0 (p -q ′ )δ 3 σ0 (q -p ′ )δ rs ′ ρ r ′ s (q), see e.g. [62][63][64][65][66][67]. One then integrates over the momenta p, p ′ , q and q ′ to find…”

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [60,61], cosmic microwave background polarization [62][63][64][65][66], and gravitational waves [67], with recent extensions to wavepackets [68]. We find that a gravity-mediated-entanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

“…The quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) describes the evolution of a quantum system interacting with its environment [62][63][64][65][66][67]. Here, we extend this formalism to investigate entanglement dynamics between two quantum systems, A and B, providing a generalized framework for their correlated evolution.…”

“…The expectation values in the above equation are found using the general expression ⟨c † r ′ (p ′ )c r (p)c † s ′ (q ′ )c s (q)⟩ ≈ (2π) 6 δ σ0 (p -q ′ )δ 3 σ0 (q -p ′ )δ rs ′ ρ r ′ s (q), see e.g. [62][63][64][65][66][67]. One then integrates over the momenta p, p ′ , q and q ′ to find…”

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [61,62], cosmic microwave background polarization [63][64][65][66][67], and gravitational waves [68], with recent extensions to wavepackets [69]. We find that a gravity-mediatedentanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

Dephasing through Bremsstrahlung emission: insights from quantum Boltzmann equation

“…Physically, this corresponds to an environment so large that it cannot be influenced by the system, effectively acting as an unchanging, memoryless reservoir. In contrast, in non-Markovian dynamics, information can flow back from the environment to the system, giving rise to back-reaction effects [34].…”

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [60,61], cosmic microwave background polarization [62][63][64][65][66], and gravitational waves [67], with recent extensions to wavepackets [68]. We find that a gravity-mediated-entanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

“…The quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) describes the evolution of a quantum system interacting with its environment [62][63][64][65][66][67]. Here, we extend this formalism to investigate entanglement dynamics between two quantum systems, A and B, providing a generalized framework for their correlated evolution.…”

“…The expectation values in the above equation are found using the general expression ⟨c † r ′ (p ′ )c r (p)c † s ′ (q ′ )c s (q)⟩ ≈ (2π) 6 δ σ0 (p -q ′ )δ 3 σ0 (q -p ′ )δ rs ′ ρ r ′ s (q), see e.g. [62][63][64][65][66][67]. One then integrates over the momenta p, p ′ , q and q ′ to find…”

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [61,62], cosmic microwave background polarization [63][64][65][66][67], and gravitational waves [68], with recent extensions to wavepackets [69]. We find that a gravity-mediatedentanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

Dephasing through Bremsstrahlung emission: insights from quantum Boltzmann equation

“…Physically, this corresponds to an environment so large that it cannot be influenced by the system, effectively acting as an unchanging, memoryless reservoir. In contrast, in non-Markovian dynamics, information can flow back from the environment to the system, giving rise to back-reaction effects [34].…”

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [60,61], cosmic microwave background polarization [62][63][64][65][66], and gravitational waves [67], with recent extensions to wavepackets [68]. We find that a gravity-mediated-entanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

“…The quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) describes the evolution of a quantum system interacting with its environment [62][63][64][65][66][67]. Here, we extend this formalism to investigate entanglement dynamics between two quantum systems, A and B, providing a generalized framework for their correlated evolution.…”

“…The expectation values in the above equation are found using the general expression ⟨c † r ′ (p ′ )c r (p)c † s ′ (q ′ )c s (q)⟩ ≈ (2π) 6 δ σ0 (p -q ′ )δ 3 σ0 (q -p ′ )δ rs ′ ρ r ′ s (q), see e.g. [62][63][64][65][66][67]. One then integrates over the momenta p, p ′ , q and q ′ to find…”

Gravitationally mediated entanglement of fermionic qubits: from static to dynamical limits

“…We investigate two microscopic models for the gravity-mediated interaction Hamiltonian between spatially distant particles and employ the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) to analyze the system dynamics through the forward scattering mechanism. The forward-scattering term of the QBE has previously provided crucial insights into neutrino mixing [61,62], cosmic microwave background polarization [63][64][65][66][67], and gravitational waves [68], with recent extensions to wavepackets [69]. We find that a gravity-mediatedentanglement between two massive spin-1/2 fermions is only possible when the dynamical part of the propagator is taken into account.…”

Dephasing through Bremsstrahlung emission: insights from quantum Boltzmann equation

“…Physically, this corresponds to an environment so large that it cannot be influenced by the system, effectively acting as an unchanging, memoryless reservoir. In contrast, in non-Markovian dynamics, information can flow back from the environment to the system, giving rise to back-reaction effects [34].…”