What's the Situation with Situated Visualization? A Survey and Perspectives on Situatedness

Abstract

Situated visualization is an emerging concept within visualization, in which data is visualized in situ, where it is relevant to people. The concept has gained interest from multiple research communities, including visualization, human-computer interaction (HCI) and augmented reality. This has led to a range of explorations and applications of the concept, however, this early work has focused on the operational aspect of situatedness leading to inconsistent adoption of the concept and terminology. First, we contribute a literature survey in which we analyze 44 papers that explicitly use the term "situated visualization" to provide an overview of the research area, how it defines situated visualization, common application areas and technology used, as well as type of data and type of visualizations.Our survey shows that research on situated visualization has focused on technology-centric approaches that foreground a spatial understanding of situatedness. Secondly, we contribute five perspectives on situatedness (space, time, place, activity, and community) that together expand on the prevalent notion of situatedness in the corpus. We draw from six case studies and prior theoretical developments in HCI. Each perspective develops a generative way of looking at and working with situatedness in design and research. We outline future directions, including considering technology, material and aesthetics, leveraging the perspectives for design, and methods for stronger engagement with target audiences. We conclude with opportunities to consolidate situated visualization research.

"I'm not alone in that battle": Designing Mobile AR for Mental Health Communication and Community Connectedness

“…These perceptions were also reflected in our interview data, with participants commenting on the visualizations' novelty and memorability, particularly when compared to paper resources. Although research on mobile AR has largely focused on technical contributions (e.g., [14,26]), we have shown its potential as a public health tool. Our research process demonstrated how immersive, mobile AR visualizations might be used to increase feelings of community.…”

"I'm not alone in that battle": Designing Mobile AR for Mental Health Communication and Community Connectedness

“…These perceptions were also reflected in our interview data, with participants commenting on the visualizations' novelty and memorability, particularly when compared to paper resources. Although research on mobile AR has largely focused on technical contributions (e.g., [14,26]), we have shown its potential as a public health tool. Our research process demonstrated how immersive, mobile AR visualizations might be used to increase feelings of community.…”

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fused Twins: A Review of Access to Digital Twins In Situ in Smart Cities

“…AR combines real and virtual elements registered in three dimensions and provides interaction in real time. Despite decades of development, immersive analytics are still in their infancy, and no standard user interfaces have been established [125,455]. Recent reviews have further found that, for Situated Analytics, there is still a lack of an overarching definition, data representation is not unified, and the target audience is not defined [125].…”

“…Despite decades of development, immersive analytics are still in their infancy, and no standard user interfaces have been established [125,455]. Recent reviews have further found that, for Situated Analytics, there is still a lack of an overarching definition, data representation is not unified, and the target audience is not defined [125]. Broad adoption is only now within reach, and the future will bring many new developments.…”

The Reality of the Situation: A Survey of Situated Analytics

“…The situated visualization survey by Bressa et al [21] is most related to the present paper. In contrast to our work, Bressa et al's survey focuses on situated visualization, whereas our goal here is to survey higher-order analytics in situ based on the classic sensemaking loop by Pirolli and Card [114].…”

"I'm not alone in that battle": Designing Mobile AR for Mental Health Communication and Community Connectedness

“…These perceptions were also reflected in our interview data, with participants commenting on the visualizations' novelty and memorability, particularly when compared to paper resources. Although research on mobile AR has largely focused on technical contributions (e.g., [14,26]), we have shown its potential as a public health tool. Our research process demonstrated how immersive, mobile AR visualizations might be used to increase feelings of community.…”

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fused Twins: A Review of Access to Digital Twins In Situ in Smart Cities

“…AR combines real and virtual elements registered in three dimensions and provides interaction in real time. Despite decades of development, immersive analytics are still in their infancy, and no standard user interfaces have been established [125,455]. Recent reviews have further found that, for Situated Analytics, there is still a lack of an overarching definition, data representation is not unified, and the target audience is not defined [125].…”

“…Despite decades of development, immersive analytics are still in their infancy, and no standard user interfaces have been established [125,455]. Recent reviews have further found that, for Situated Analytics, there is still a lack of an overarching definition, data representation is not unified, and the target audience is not defined [125]. Broad adoption is only now within reach, and the future will bring many new developments.…”

The Reality of the Situation: A Survey of Situated Analytics

“…The situated visualization survey by Bressa et al [21] is most related to the present paper. In contrast to our work, Bressa et al's survey focuses on situated visualization, whereas our goal here is to survey higher-order analytics in situ based on the classic sensemaking loop by Pirolli and Card [114].…”

"I'm not alone in that battle": Designing Mobile AR for Mental Health Communication and Community Connectedness

“…These perceptions were also reflected in our interview data, with participants commenting on the visualizations' novelty and memorability, particularly when compared to paper resources. Although research on mobile AR has largely focused on technical contributions (e.g., [14,26]), we have shown its potential as a public health tool. Our research process demonstrated how immersive, mobile AR visualizations might be used to increase feelings of community.…”

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fused Twins: A Review of Access to Digital Twins In Situ in Smart Cities

“…AR combines real and virtual elements registered in three dimensions and provides interaction in real time. Despite decades of development, immersive analytics are still in their infancy, and no standard user interfaces have been established [125,455]. Recent reviews have further found that, for Situated Analytics, there is still a lack of an overarching definition, data representation is not unified, and the target audience is not defined [125].…”

“…Despite decades of development, immersive analytics are still in their infancy, and no standard user interfaces have been established [125,455]. Recent reviews have further found that, for Situated Analytics, there is still a lack of an overarching definition, data representation is not unified, and the target audience is not defined [125]. Broad adoption is only now within reach, and the future will bring many new developments.…”

The Reality of the Situation: A Survey of Situated Analytics

“…The situated visualization survey by Bressa et al [21] is most related to the present paper. In contrast to our work, Bressa et al's survey focuses on situated visualization, whereas our goal here is to survey higher-order analytics in situ based on the classic sensemaking loop by Pirolli and Card [114].…”