Users’ Acceptance of Electronic Patient Portals in Lebanon

Abstract

Background Acceptance of Electronic patient portal (EPP) is instrumental for its success. Studies on users’ acceptance in the Middle East region are scarce. This study aims to explore factors influencing users’ acceptance of EPP, both patients and providers, at a tertiary care center in Lebanon using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). We concurrently test the internal construct validity and the reliability of the TAM. Methods A cross-sectional survey design and the vignette approach were used. For validation, we needed a minimum of 180 patients; all 35 attending physicians and 11 registered nurses were targeted. We used descriptive statistics to calculate the intention to use EPP and its determinants based on the TAM constructs. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to estimate significant path coefficients for patients only as the sample size of providers was too small. Results We had 199 patients, half intended to use EPP; 73% of providers (N=17) intended to use EPP. Perceived ease of use and privacy concerns were significantly higher among providers than patients (Mean (M) = 0.77 vs M= 0.42 (CI: -0.623 ; -0.081)) and (M=3.67 vs M=2.13, CI: -2.16; -0.91) respectively; other constructs were not significantly different. Reliability of TAM revealed a Cronbach Alpha of α=.91. EFA showed that three components explained 73.48% of the variance: Behavioral Intention of Use (14.9%), Perceived Ease of Use (50.74%), Perceived Usefulness (7.84%). SEM found that perceived ease of use increased perceived usefulness (standardized regression weight=0.49); perceived usefulness (0.51) had more predictive value than perceived ease of use (0.27) to explain the behavioral intention of use of the EPP. Conclusions We found that providers valued the usefulness of EPP and were mostly intending to use it. This finding has yet to be tested in future studies testing actual use as intention and actual use may not be concordant. The intention to use among patients was lower than those reported in developed countries. We identified two factors that we need to address to increase use, namely perceived ease and usefulness, and proposed practical implications to address them; future research directions were also discussed.

Utilization of patient portals: A cross-sectional study investigating associations with mobile app quality

“…For example, in Lebanon, recent reports suggest high internet penetration rates (29) and widespread smartphones use (30). In addition, a previous study on user acceptance of patient portals in Lebanon reported that about half of the sampled population reported a signi cant intent to use the portal (24). Given that the intention to use was lower than that reported in the Western literature, the authors feared even lesser actual app utilization rates (24,31).…”

“…Engagement could be incorporated into the patient education section as most participants did not use the patient education section. A study conducted among patients in the same institution before the implementation of the portal has shown that perceived usefulness had more predictive value than perceived ease of use on the intention to use the patient portal (24). Although the frequency of app use was not signi cantly associated with the total uMARS score, it was positively associated with the subjective quality score.…”