Serum Biomarker Ca 15-3 As Predictor of Response to Antifibrotic Treatment and Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Abstract

Aim: Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) is a baseline biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but its value during follow-up is unknown. Materials and methods: Associations between serum CA 15-3 and pulmonary function tests during 1-year follow-up were evaluated by a mixed model in 132 IPF treated with pirfenidone or nintedanib. Results: Increased baseline (median: 56 kU/l) and follow-up CA 15-3 levels were inversely associated with forced vital capacity and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (estimates respectively: -5.21 and -4.69; p < 0.001). Baseline and 6-month CA 15-3 above 58.5 (hazard ratio: 1.67; p = 0.031) and 50.5 kU/l (hazard ratio: 2.99; p < 0.001), respectively, showed impaired survival compared with lower levels. Conclusion: CA 15-3 is associated with pulmonary function test during follow-up in IPF on antifibrotic treatment. Higher (follow-up) values are related with poor survival. Therefore, CA 15-3 is a promising follow-up biomarker in IPF.

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional pulmonary function test (PFT) and HRCT assessment ( 7 ). Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers, may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes ( 8 , 32 , 33 ). Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and, recently, also ILDs ( 34 – 36 ).…”

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional pulmonary function test (PFT) and HRCT assessment ( 7 ). Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers, may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes ( 8 , 32 , 33 ). Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and, recently, also ILDs ( 34 – 36 ).…”

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional PFT and HRCT assessment 6 . Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes 7,38,39 . Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders and recently also ILDs [40][41][42] .…”

Plasma Levels of Metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and Metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) as New Candidates for Tumor Biomarkers in Diagnostic of Breast Cancer Patients

“…The incapability of applying CA 15-3 assays for BC diagnosis is due to several important reasons: Firstly, this marker has sensitivity that is too low for detecting BC in situ or in the form of low-stage invasive disease (CA 15-3 concentrations in women with early BC have been shown to coincide with CA 15-3 concentrations in healthy women or those with benign breast lesions). Secondly, the concentrations of this marker in the blood are influenced by several pathological phenomena that can occur in a woman’s body simultaneously with the process of neoplasia, such as lung disease, liver disease, and autoimmune and hematological conditions [ 35 , 36 ]. The search for new potential BC markers includes extracellular matrix metalloproteinases that involve metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7).…”

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional pulmonary function test (PFT) and HRCT assessment ( 7 ). Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers, may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes ( 8 , 32 , 33 ). Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and, recently, also ILDs ( 34 – 36 ).…”

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional PFT and HRCT assessment 6 . Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes 7,38,39 . Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders and recently also ILDs [40][41][42] .…”

Plasma Levels of Metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and Metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) as New Candidates for Tumor Biomarkers in Diagnostic of Breast Cancer Patients

“…The incapability of applying CA 15-3 assays for BC diagnosis is due to several important reasons: Firstly, this marker has sensitivity that is too low for detecting BC in situ or in the form of low-stage invasive disease (CA 15-3 concentrations in women with early BC have been shown to coincide with CA 15-3 concentrations in healthy women or those with benign breast lesions). Secondly, the concentrations of this marker in the blood are influenced by several pathological phenomena that can occur in a woman’s body simultaneously with the process of neoplasia, such as lung disease, liver disease, and autoimmune and hematological conditions [ 35 , 36 ]. The search for new potential BC markers includes extracellular matrix metalloproteinases that involve metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7).…”

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional pulmonary function test (PFT) and HRCT assessment ( 7 ). Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers, may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes ( 8 , 32 , 33 ). Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and, recently, also ILDs ( 34 – 36 ).…”

Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis

“…However, differentiation between natural disease progression and treatment failure is difficult by means of conventional PFT and HRCT assessment 6 . Molecular response markers, including peripheral blood biomarkers may improve precision, but these are still in early developmental stages and may not fully reflect lung tissue phenotypes 7,38,39 . Over the last decade, radiomics has emerged as a powerful tool for drug response monitoring and predicting outcomes in various diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders and recently also ILDs [40][41][42] .…”

Plasma Levels of Metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and Metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) as New Candidates for Tumor Biomarkers in Diagnostic of Breast Cancer Patients

“…The incapability of applying CA 15-3 assays for BC diagnosis is due to several important reasons: Firstly, this marker has sensitivity that is too low for detecting BC in situ or in the form of low-stage invasive disease (CA 15-3 concentrations in women with early BC have been shown to coincide with CA 15-3 concentrations in healthy women or those with benign breast lesions). Secondly, the concentrations of this marker in the blood are influenced by several pathological phenomena that can occur in a woman’s body simultaneously with the process of neoplasia, such as lung disease, liver disease, and autoimmune and hematological conditions [ 35 , 36 ]. The search for new potential BC markers includes extracellular matrix metalloproteinases that involve metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7).…”