Reliability and validity of the Mini PAS‐ADD for assessing psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual disability

Abstract

The Mini PAS-ADD is an assessment schedule for psychiatric disorders in people with an intellectual disability. It is designed to provide a link between the mental health expertise of psychiatrists and psychologists, and the detailed knowledge of individual service users possessed by support staff. In broad terms, the aim of the Mini PAS-ADD is to enable non-psychiatrists accurately to recognize clinically significant psychiatric disorders in the people who they care for, so that they can make informed referral decisions. The instrument comprises 86 psychiatric symptoms and generates a series of subscores on: depression, anxiety and phobias, mania, obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychosis, unspecified disorder (including dementia), and pervasive developmental disorder (autism). The present paper reports the results of a study investigating internal consistency, inter-rater agreement and validity in relation to clinical opinion, using a sample of 68 people with intellectual disability who were in contact with psychiatric services. In terms of the instrument fulfilling its main intended function, i.e. accurate case recognition, the crucial question was whether the support workers, with their lesser knowledge of psychopathology, were also able to correctly identify cases identified by expert clinicians. The validity results in this respect (81% agreement on case recognition) were sufficiently good that it is to be anticipated that the Mini PAS-ADD should have a significant impact on the identification of psychiatric disorders in the community of people with intellectual disability.

Psychometric evaluation of a Dutch version of the Mini PAS‐ADD for assessing psychiatric disorders in adults with different levels of intellectual disability

“…Cronbach's α showed lower values in the general and clinical sample than those found in other studies (Prosser et al . 1998; Myrbakk & von Tetzchner 2008).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al . (1998).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al (1998). This might be explained by the fact that their measure summarised the Mini PAS-ADD's accuracy for both 'cases' (cf.…”

Psychometric evaluation of a Dutch version of the Mini PAS‐ADD for assessing psychiatric disorders in adults with different levels of intellectual disability

“…Cronbach's α showed lower values in the general and clinical sample than those found in other studies (Prosser et al . 1998; Myrbakk & von Tetzchner 2008).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al . (1998).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al (1998). This might be explained by the fact that their measure summarised the Mini PAS-ADD's accuracy for both 'cases' (cf.…”

Psychotic disorders in learning disabilities‐ outcome of an audit across community teams

“…1993) has been found to be reliable and consistent in several studies (Moss et al. 1998; Prosser et al. 1998).…”

Diagnostic Paper‐Pencil Instruments for Dementia in People With Intellectual Disability: Scoping Literature Review

“…An algorithm and scoring system based on several combined raters result in one of 86 psychiatric disorders/diseases, including dementia (Prosser et al. 1998). The instrument has been shown not to be suitable for the diagnosis of all psychiatric conditions, but dementia is included within those it diagnoses.…”

Psychometric evaluation of a Dutch version of the Mini PAS‐ADD for assessing psychiatric disorders in adults with different levels of intellectual disability

“…Cronbach's α showed lower values in the general and clinical sample than those found in other studies (Prosser et al . 1998; Myrbakk & von Tetzchner 2008).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al . (1998).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al (1998). This might be explained by the fact that their measure summarised the Mini PAS-ADD's accuracy for both 'cases' (cf.…”

Psychotic disorders in learning disabilities‐ outcome of an audit across community teams

“…1993) has been found to be reliable and consistent in several studies (Moss et al. 1998; Prosser et al. 1998).…”

Diagnostic Paper‐Pencil Instruments for Dementia in People With Intellectual Disability: Scoping Literature Review

“…An algorithm and scoring system based on several combined raters result in one of 86 psychiatric disorders/diseases, including dementia (Prosser et al. 1998). The instrument has been shown not to be suitable for the diagnosis of all psychiatric conditions, but dementia is included within those it diagnoses.…”

Psychometric evaluation of a Dutch version of the Mini PAS‐ADD for assessing psychiatric disorders in adults with different levels of intellectual disability

“…Cronbach's α showed lower values in the general and clinical sample than those found in other studies (Prosser et al . 1998; Myrbakk & von Tetzchner 2008).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al . (1998).…”

“…This lowered the number of false negatives considerably. However, the overall sensitivity was still lower in comparison with the accuracy of case recognition found in the study by Prosser et al (1998). This might be explained by the fact that their measure summarised the Mini PAS-ADD's accuracy for both 'cases' (cf.…”

Psychotic disorders in learning disabilities‐ outcome of an audit across community teams

“…1993) has been found to be reliable and consistent in several studies (Moss et al. 1998; Prosser et al. 1998).…”

Diagnostic Paper‐Pencil Instruments for Dementia in People With Intellectual Disability: Scoping Literature Review

“…An algorithm and scoring system based on several combined raters result in one of 86 psychiatric disorders/diseases, including dementia (Prosser et al. 1998). The instrument has been shown not to be suitable for the diagnosis of all psychiatric conditions, but dementia is included within those it diagnoses.…”