Particle velocity detection and measurement in two-phase flow using combined electronic logic system and LDA technique

Experimental data for solid–liquid flows at intermediate and high Stokes numbers

“…Increasing solids fraction leads to an increase in the drag force on the particles, propelling the particle motion in the streamwise direction, as has been observed in other experiments (Tsuji et al 1984). However, Lee & Durst (1982) and Chemloul & Benmedjedi (2010) measured increasing relative velocities with increasing concentrations. The data from Chemloul & Benmedjedi (2010) were taken in a similar range of concentrations as the present data but at a lower Reynolds number of 16 200.…”

“…However, Lee & Durst (1982) and Chemloul & Benmedjedi (2010) measured increasing relative velocities with increasing concentrations. The data from Chemloul & Benmedjedi (2010) were taken in a similar range of concentrations as the present data but at a lower Reynolds number of 16 200. The data from Lee & Durst (1982) were for lower concentrations and Reynolds number (0.06 % v/v and Re = 8000).…”

“…Elghobashi 1983;Hardalupas et al 1989;Mostafa et al 1989;Kulick et al 1994;Varaksin, Polezhaev & Polyakov 2000;Caraman et al 2003;Boree & Caraman 2005;Hadinoto et al 2005), but at higher concentrations there are only a few references to the authors' knowledge (Alajbegović et al 1994;Kussin & Sommerfeld 2002;Hosokawa & Tomiyama 2004;Chemloul & Benmedjedi 2010;Shokri et al 2017). Notwithstanding their value, these datasets are limited to concentrations below 0.8 % v/v (Kussin & Sommerfeld 2002;Shokri et al 2017), or are incomplete as they lack information from the single phase (Alajbegović et al 1994) or one of the phases (Hosokawa & Tomiyama 2004;Chemloul & Benmedjedi 2010). It is worth noting that, besides experimental investigations, fully resolved numerical simulations are a powerful tool for model validation.…”

A review of turbulence measurement techniques for flotation

“…However, some researchers have also applied the technique to study multiphase flows using LDA or PDA (an extension of LDA). One of these studies involved using a LDA device incorporating an electronic logic system to distinguish signals from water and solid particles in a low solid volumetric concentration (less than 2%) two phase system (solid-liquid suspension) (Sad Chemloul and Benmedjedi, 2010). The beauty of their approach was that electronic logic was employed to speed up the signal processing but unfortunately it was not sufficient to overcome LDA's intrinsic sensitivity to solid concentration.…”

“…,Mudde et al (1998),Li et al (2005),Doudou (2007),Darelius et al (2007), SadChemloul and Benmedjedi (2010) Phase doppler anemometry (PDA)As an extension of LDA, it measures velocity, size of spherical particles, mass flux and concentration, etc., simultaneouslyBates and Ayob (1995),Schafer et al (2000),Bergenblock et al (2007) Particle image velocimetry(PIV) Laser is used to illuminate the measurement plane where photos are taken to calculate the velocity fieldGrant et al (1989), Buchhave(1992), Laakkonen et al (2005), Brady et al (2006, 2009) Optical fibre probe Detects transients in refractive light signals caused by changes in refractive index to determine bubble size and velocity in turbulence flows Cartellier (1998), Saito and Mudde (2001), Murzyn et al (2005), Hu et al (2007) Pressure measurement techniques Pitot tube and Aeroprobe Uses a measured difference of pressure, to calculate the velocity of the fluid Klopfenstein (1998), AeroprobeCorporation (2013, 2014), Pitot Tube (2015), Industrial Pitot Tubes (2015) Conductivity/resistance measurement techniques Conductivity measurement Moving bubbles result in varying conductivity at the point of measurement which can be related to fluid flow properties Xu et al (1992), Perez and Del Villar (1997), Pérez-Garibay and de Villar (1999), Tavera et al (2001), Gomez et al (2003), Sanwani et al (2006), Maldonado et al (2008) Electrical resistance tomography (ERT)…”