Aloe vera modulates X-ray induced hematological and splenic tissue damage in mice

Abstract

<jats:p> The present study was premeditated to examine the radioprotective effects of aqueous Aloe vera gel extract against whole-body X-ray irradiation–induced hematological alterations and splenic tissue injury in mice. Healthy male balb/c mice were divided into four groups: group 1, control; group 2, A. vera (50 mg/kg body weight) administered per oral on alternate days for 30 days (15 times); group 3, X-ray exposure of 2 Gy (0.25 Gy twice a day for four consecutive days in the last week of the experimental protocol); and group 4, A. vera + X-ray. X-ray exposure caused alterations in histoarchitecture of spleen along with enhanced clastogenic damage as assessed by micronucleus formation and apoptotic index. Irradiation caused an elevation in proinflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6, total leucocyte counts, neutrophil counts and decreased platelet counts along with unaltered red blood cell counts and hemoglobin. Irradiation also caused an elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, lactate dehydrogenase activity and alterations in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism in plasma and spleen. However, administration of A. vera gel extract ameliorated X-ray irradiation–induced elevation in ROS/LPO levels, histopathological and clastogenic damage. It also modulated biochemical indices, inflammatory markers, and hematological parameters. These results collectively indicated that the A. vera gel extract offers protection against whole-body X-ray exposure by virtue of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potential. </jats:p>

Nanoparticles for active combination radio mitigating agents of Zinc Coumarate and Zinc Caffeiate in a rat model

“…Irradiation induces direct disorder of the circulatory system resulting in hemorrhage and diminishes cell formation (Hamada et al 2020). In the present study, the observed decreased levels of hematological parameters in the irradiated rats indicating an anemic condition, and the reduction could be caused by the direct injuryinduced by a lethal dosage of gamma rays (Bala et al 2019).The cellular parameters of the blood are mainly susceptible to oxidative stress according to a high ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in their membranes inducing membrane lipid peroxidation, leading to membrane rigidity, cellulardeformability, reduce erythrocyte survival (Adams et al 2015).…”

Mitochondria-Targeted Nitronyl Nitroxide Radical Nanoparticles for Protection against Radiation-Induced Damage with Antioxidant Effects

“…For example, Nguyen et al prepared a stable nanomelanin and found that X-rays only caused mild splenic fibrosis in 40% of nano- The nano-delivery systems developed in the past decade have obvious advantages, such as significantly improving the stability of drugs in the body, prolonging the cycle and metabolism time of drugs, increasing the sustained action time of drugs against damage, and reducing the dosage of drugs used. For example, Nguyen et al prepared a stable nanomelanin and found that X-rays only caused mild splenic fibrosis in 40% of nanomelanin-protected mice, whereas severe fibrosis was observed in 100% of mice treated with X-rays alone [29]. The nanomelanin also partly rescued the volume and weight of mouse spleens from irradiation by promoting the transcription levels of splenic interleukin 2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).…”

Progression of Notch signaling regulation of B cells under radiation exposure

“…The development and differentiation of B cells are regulated by genes and external factors in the spleen and BM (5). The spleen, as the largest immune organ, contains many B cells and subsets, which is essential for immune regulation (6). The process of B cell development in human is showed in Figure 1.…”