Early analog computers in Sweden-with examples from Chalmers University of technology and the Swedish aerospace industry

Vessel detection and classification from spaceborne optical images: A literature survey

“…A relatively large fraction of the authors (35%) used Google Earth images as the direct input data source in their research on vessel detection – either as exported data or simply as a print screen –, or as a source for collecting the greater amount of test data for machine learning methods (An et al, 2013, p. 201; Deng et al, 2013, Dong et al, 2013, Gan et al, 2015, Guo et al, 2015, Han et al, 2014, Hong et al, 2007, Huang et al, 2016, Johansson, 2011, Ju, 2015, Ma et al, 2010, p. 201; Shi et al, 2014, Xu et al, 2017, Xu et al, 2011, p. 201; Xu and Liu, 2016, Xu et al, 2014, Yang et al, 2017, Yang et al, 2014, You and Li, 2011, Zhang et al, 2016, Zou and Shi, 2016). One author has used data from Microsoft Virtual Earth (Yin et al, 2016).…”

“…Land that is incorrectly classified is removed according to the difference of variance in the statistical model. From all of the accessible publications, only very few (Johansson, 2011, Topputo et al, 2016) manually removed areas of land from the image.…”

“…Other classifiers that were also used for vessel classification were: Bayesian classifier (Antelo et al, 2009), random forest (Johansson, 2011), Fisher classification (Zhang et al, 2012), adaptive boosting algorithm (Shi et al, 2014) and dynamic probability generative model (Guo et al, 2014). …”

“…size – minimal size of vessel that can still be detected with a given method (if mentioned). The detection of small vessels is of particular interest, since only larger vessels are regulated to be monitored by systems such as AIS and VMS (Johansson, 2011). Small vessel targets are generally represented only within a few pixels on a very high resolution (VHR) image.…”

Interferometry Method as a Way to Find Nonlinear Optical Responses of Nanoparticles

“…We have synthesized anatase TiO 2 nanoparticles by a sol-gel and hydrothermal process via modified barbe's method [12]. All materials were purchased from Merck and water was purified by distillation and filtration (Milli-Q).…”