Azithromycin therapy during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Upper airway microbiome alterations and subsequent recurrent wheeze

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long-term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our findings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [ 12 ], COPD [ 11 ] and bronchiolitis [ 52 ] participants. In contrast, Acosta [ 10 ] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic fibrosis participants.…”

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long-term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our findings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [ 12 ], COPD [ 11 ] and bronchiolitis [ 52 ] participants. In contrast, Acosta [ 10 ] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic fibrosis participants.…”

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our ndings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [3], COPD [2] and bronchiolitis [45] participants. In contrast, Acosta [1] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic brosis participants.…”

Increased Moraxella and Streptococcus species abundance after severe bronchiolitis is associated with recurrent wheezing

“…Indeed, Beigelman et al 23 found in a small (n 5 39) randomized placebo-controlled trial that azithromycin for 14 days in infants hospitalized with RSV-related bronchiolitis reduced nasal lavage Moraxella species abundance at 2 weeks. 22 Furthermore, in concordance with our findings, decreased Moraxella species abundance at 14 days, no matter the group assignment, was associated with reduced odds of recurrent wheezing (ie, > _3 wheezing episodes) over the subsequent 12 months. 22 This potential approach to bronchiolitis treatment needs further study and thoughtful consideration about possible unintended consequences of widespread antibiotic use.…”

“…22 Furthermore, in concordance with our findings, decreased Moraxella species abundance at 14 days, no matter the group assignment, was associated with reduced odds of recurrent wheezing (ie, > _3 wheezing episodes) over the subsequent 12 months. 22 This potential approach to bronchiolitis treatment needs further study and thoughtful consideration about possible unintended consequences of widespread antibiotic use. Indeed, bronchiolitis and its long-term respiratory outcomes might be best understood as a complex adaptive system.…”

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long-term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our findings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [ 12 ], COPD [ 11 ] and bronchiolitis [ 52 ] participants. In contrast, Acosta [ 10 ] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic fibrosis participants.…”

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our ndings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [3], COPD [2] and bronchiolitis [45] participants. In contrast, Acosta [1] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic brosis participants.…”

Increased Moraxella and Streptococcus species abundance after severe bronchiolitis is associated with recurrent wheezing

“…Indeed, Beigelman et al 23 found in a small (n 5 39) randomized placebo-controlled trial that azithromycin for 14 days in infants hospitalized with RSV-related bronchiolitis reduced nasal lavage Moraxella species abundance at 2 weeks. 22 Furthermore, in concordance with our findings, decreased Moraxella species abundance at 14 days, no matter the group assignment, was associated with reduced odds of recurrent wheezing (ie, > _3 wheezing episodes) over the subsequent 12 months. 22 This potential approach to bronchiolitis treatment needs further study and thoughtful consideration about possible unintended consequences of widespread antibiotic use.…”

“…22 Furthermore, in concordance with our findings, decreased Moraxella species abundance at 14 days, no matter the group assignment, was associated with reduced odds of recurrent wheezing (ie, > _3 wheezing episodes) over the subsequent 12 months. 22 This potential approach to bronchiolitis treatment needs further study and thoughtful consideration about possible unintended consequences of widespread antibiotic use. Indeed, bronchiolitis and its long-term respiratory outcomes might be best understood as a complex adaptive system.…”

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long-term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our findings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [ 12 ], COPD [ 11 ] and bronchiolitis [ 52 ] participants. In contrast, Acosta [ 10 ] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic fibrosis participants.…”

Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease

“…Bray-Curtis within-group dissimilarity was lower than between-group dissimilarity, when comparing the 48-week samples in the AZM arm with baseline samples in the AZM arm or the 48-week samples in the placebo arm. Our ndings are consistent with previous studies in asthma [3], COPD [2] and bronchiolitis [45] participants. In contrast, Acosta [1] did not observe any effect of AZM on the beta diversity of the sputum bacteriome of cystic brosis participants.…”

Increased Moraxella and Streptococcus species abundance after severe bronchiolitis is associated with recurrent wheezing

“…Indeed, Beigelman et al 23 found in a small (n 5 39) randomized placebo-controlled trial that azithromycin for 14 days in infants hospitalized with RSV-related bronchiolitis reduced nasal lavage Moraxella species abundance at 2 weeks. 22 Furthermore, in concordance with our findings, decreased Moraxella species abundance at 14 days, no matter the group assignment, was associated with reduced odds of recurrent wheezing (ie, > _3 wheezing episodes) over the subsequent 12 months. 22 This potential approach to bronchiolitis treatment needs further study and thoughtful consideration about possible unintended consequences of widespread antibiotic use.…”

“…22 Furthermore, in concordance with our findings, decreased Moraxella species abundance at 14 days, no matter the group assignment, was associated with reduced odds of recurrent wheezing (ie, > _3 wheezing episodes) over the subsequent 12 months. 22 This potential approach to bronchiolitis treatment needs further study and thoughtful consideration about possible unintended consequences of widespread antibiotic use. Indeed, bronchiolitis and its long-term respiratory outcomes might be best understood as a complex adaptive system.…”